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| Targets |
Bromophenol blue sodium does not have a biological target as it is a pH indicator and tracking dye rather than a pharmacologically active compound. Its function is physicochemical—it changes color in response to pH changes and migrates in electric fields during electrophoresis. The compound is not designed for therapeutic use and has no specific receptor or enzyme targets. Its interactions are based on its dye properties and ionic nature. In biological applications, it is used as a non-reactive marker for monitoring electrophoresis progress and pH conditions.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, bromophenol blue sodium exhibits no pharmacological activity as it is a dye and pH indicator. Its utility is demonstrated in biochemical applications as a pH indicator (yellow at pH 3.0, blue at pH 4.6) and as a tracking dye for agarose gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The dye migrates at approximately the same rate as 300-500 bp DNA in agarose gels and at the buffer front in protein gels. In cell-based assays, the compound is not tested for biological activity. Its role is strictly analytical—monitoring pH and electrophoresis progress.
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| ln Vivo |
Bromophenol blue sodium is not a pharmacologically active agent and does not exhibit in vivo therapeutic activity. It is used exclusively as a laboratory reagent for pH indication and electrophoresis tracking. The compound is not intended for human or animal exposure. It is used in biochemical and molecular biology laboratories. No therapeutic efficacy has been reported for this compound. The compound is not administered to animals in pharmacological studies and has no known physiological effects.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for bromophenol blue sodium focus on its pH indicator and tracking dye properties rather than receptor binding. A standard protocol for pH indication involves preparing a solution of the dye in appropriate buffer and observing the color change from yellow at pH 3.0 to blue at pH 4.6. For electrophoresis applications, the dye is mixed with DNA or protein samples and loaded onto agarose or polyacrylamide gels. The migration of the dye front is monitored visually to track electrophoresis progress. The dye migrates at approximately the same rate as 300-500 bp DNA in agarose gels.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based experiments are not performed with bromophenol blue sodium, as it is a laboratory reagent rather than a test compound for biological activity. The compound is used exclusively for pH indication and electrophoresis tracking in biochemical and molecular biology applications. No cytotoxicity or cell viability studies are conducted with this compound as it is not intended for biological applications.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies are not conducted with bromophenol blue sodium, as it is a laboratory reagent rather than a therapeutic test article. The compound is not used in pharmacological or toxicological studies in animals. Its applications are limited to in vitro biochemical and molecular biology research. No in vivo efficacy or safety studies have been reported for this compound.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of bromophenol blue sodium are not characterized as it is not a drug substance. Based on its physicochemical properties (molecular weight 691.94, high polarity, ionic nature), the compound would be expected to have very low oral bioavailability due to poor membrane permeability. It would likely be distributed primarily in extracellular fluid and rapidly cleared via renal excretion. The compound is not metabolized significantly. However, the compound is not intended for human exposure and has not been evaluated in formal pharmacokinetic studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for bromophenol blue sodium are limited as it is a laboratory reagent. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound, including the use of gloves, safety glasses, and working in a fume hood. The compound should be stored in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture. No acute toxicity data are available. The compound is not intended for drug, household, or other uses.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Bromophenol blue sodium is a pH indicator that changes from yellow at pH 3.0 to blue at pH 4.6. It is also used as a tracking dye to monitor agarose gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The dye migrates at approximately the same rate as 300-500 bp DNA in agarose gels and at the buffer front in protein gels. It is also known as bromophenol blue sodium salt. The compound has not undergone clinical trials and is not approved as a pharmaceutical. Its mechanism of action is physicochemical—color change in response to pH and migration in electric fields.
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| Molecular Formula |
C19H9BR4NAO5S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
691.94
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| Exact Mass |
687.68
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| CAS # |
62625-28-9
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| PubChem CID |
3791690
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
0.954 g/mL at 20ºC
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| Melting Point |
>300ºC
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| LogP |
7.625
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
844
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)Br)O)Br)(C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)Br)O)Br)S(=O)(=O)O2.[Na].[H]
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| InChi Key |
TWKDJMRHSLWRFI-UHFFFAOYSA-M
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H10Br4O5S.Na/c20-12-5-9(6-13(21)18(12)24)17(10-7-14(22)19(25)15(23)8-10)11-3-1-2-4-16(11)29(26,27)28;/h1-8,24H,(H,26,27,28);/q;+1/p-1
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| Chemical Name |
sodium;2-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-(3,5-dibromo-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]benzenesulfonate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
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| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.4452 mL | 7.2261 mL | 14.4521 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2890 mL | 1.4452 mL | 2.8904 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1445 mL | 0.7226 mL | 1.4452 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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