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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
5-Phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine does not have a defined biological target as a standalone compound; however, it is used as a key intermediate in the synthetic preparation of aminopyrazole inhibitors of CDK2/cyclin A, which act as antitumor agents. CDK2/cyclin A is a cell cycle regulatory complex that plays a critical role in DNA replication and cell proliferation. When incorporated into drug candidates, the pyrazole scaffold can interact with kinase ATP-binding pockets through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The amino group provides a handle for further derivatization to enhance target binding affinity.
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| ln Vitro |
As a chemical intermediate, 5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine exhibits no intrinsic pharmacological activity in vitro. Its utility is demonstrated in synthetic chemistry where it serves as a building block for the preparation of aminopyrazole inhibitors of CDK2/cyclin A as antitumor agents. The compound is also used as a fragment molecule for molecular linking, expansion, and modification in drug discovery. In cell-based assays, the compound itself is not typically tested for biological activity; rather, the derivatives synthesized from it are evaluated for their pharmacological properties against cancer cell lines.
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| ln Vivo |
5-Phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine is not a pharmacologically active drug and does not exhibit in vivo therapeutic activity as a standalone compound. It has not been evaluated in animal models for efficacy against any disease. The compound is primarily used as a chemical intermediate and fragment scaffold in medicinal chemistry research. Any in vivo activity would be associated with drug candidates synthesized from this intermediate, such as CDK2/cyclin A inhibitors for antitumor applications. The compound is not administered to animals in standard pharmacological studies and has no known physiological effects.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for 5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine derivatives typically involve CDK2/cyclin A kinase inhibition studies. A standard protocol uses purified CDK2/cyclin A enzyme incubated with a peptide substrate and [γ-³²P]-ATP in the presence of varying concentrations of the test compound. Reactions are carried out in kinase buffer at 30°C for 30 minutes. Phosphorylated substrate is captured on phosphocellulose paper, washed, and quantified by scintillation counting. IC₅₀ values are calculated from dose-response curves. For quality control, the compound is characterized by NMR, HPLC, and melting point determination. Purity is typically ≥98%.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell culture experiments with 5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine derivatives typically involve cancer cell lines (e.g., HeLa, MCF-7, or A549 cells) to evaluate antitumor activity. Cells are cultured in appropriate media supplemented with 10% FBS and treated with compounds at concentrations ranging from 0.1-100 µM for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays. Cell cycle analysis is performed by flow cytometry after propidium iodide staining. Apoptosis is measured using Annexin V/PI staining. The intermediate itself is typically not tested in cellular systems; rather, the final CDK2/cyclin A inhibitor products are evaluated.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies are not conducted with 5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine itself, as it is a research reagent for chemical synthesis. When the compound is used to synthesize CDK2/cyclin A inhibitor drug candidates, those final products undergo standard preclinical evaluation. Typical protocols for antitumor candidates include xenograft studies in immunodeficient mice, where tumor-bearing animals are treated orally or intraperitoneally with the test compound at doses ranging from 1-100 mg/kg. Tumor volume is measured twice weekly, and body weight is monitored for toxicity. At study termination, tumors are excised for histopathological and biomarker analysis.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of 5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine are not characterized as it is not a drug substance. Based on its physicochemical properties (molecular weight 159.19, logP approximately 1.5-2.0), the compound would be expected to have moderate oral bioavailability if administered. It would likely undergo metabolism via cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation and conjugation reactions. However, the compound is not intended for human exposure and has not been evaluated in formal pharmacokinetic studies. For drug candidates synthesized from this intermediate, pharmacokinetic properties are determined as part of drug development.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for 5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine are limited as it is a research reagent. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound, including the use of gloves, safety glasses, and working in a fume hood. The compound is not intended for drug, household, or other uses. It should be stored in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture. No acute toxicity data are available.
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| Additional Infomation |
5-Phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine is a versatile fragment molecule used as a scaffold for molecular linking, expansion, and modification in drug discovery. It is also known as 3-amino-5-phenylpyrazole. The compound is used in the synthetic preparation of aminopyrazole inhibitors of CDK2/cyclin A as antitumor agents. The pyrazole ring is a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry, found in numerous bioactive compounds. The compound has not undergone clinical trials and is not approved as a pharmaceutical. Its mechanism of action is chemical—serving as a precursor for the synthesis of biologically active pyrazole derivatives.
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| Molecular Formula |
C9H9N3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
159.19
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| Exact Mass |
159.079
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| CAS # |
1572-10-7
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| PubChem CID |
136655
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| Appearance |
Yellow to brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
442.3±33.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
118-121ºC
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| Flash Point |
251.5±12.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.663
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| LogP |
1.34
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
12
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| Complexity |
143
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
N1([H])C(=C([H])C(N([H])[H])=N1)C1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=1[H]
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| InChi Key |
PWSZRRFDVPMZGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H9N3/c10-9-6-8(11-12-9)7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-6H,(H3,10,11,12)
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| Chemical Name |
5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.2818 mL | 31.4090 mL | 62.8180 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.2564 mL | 6.2818 mL | 12.5636 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6282 mL | 3.1409 mL | 6.2818 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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