| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
2-Hydroxyestrone-d4 shares the same molecular target profile as its non-deuterated form, 2-hydroxyestrone. 2-Hydroxyestrone is a catechol estrogen that acts as a specific receptor-mediated antiestrogenic agent. It binds to estrogen receptors with lower affinity than estradiol but can modulate estrogen signaling. 2-Hydroxyestrone is also a precursor to quinone and semiquinone metabolites that can form DNA adducts, contributing to its anticarcinogenic properties. The labeled compound is used as a tracer to study the metabolism and biological activity of catechol estrogens.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
The deuterated compound itself does not possess intrinsic pharmacological activity in vitro; its biological activity is identical to that of 2-hydroxyestrone. 2-Hydroxyestrone has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells and to induce apoptosis. It also acts as an antioxidant and may protect against oxidative DNA damage. In vitro studies have demonstrated that 2-hydroxyestrone can inhibit the activity of enzymes involved in estrogen biosynthesis, such as aromatase. The labeled compound is used as an internal standard for quantifying catechol estrogens in biological samples. |
| ln Vivo |
2-Hydroxyestrone-d4 is not used as a therapeutic agent; its non-deuterated form, 2-hydroxyestrone, is a naturally occurring estrogen metabolite with anticarcinogenic properties. In vivo, 2-hydroxyestrone is produced from estradiol by cytochrome P450 1A1/1A2-mediated hydroxylation. It is further metabolized by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) to 2-methoxyestrone. The labeled compound is used in pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies to accurately measure 2-hydroxyestrone levels in plasma, urine, and tissue samples.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for 2-hydroxyestrone-d4 focus on its use as an analytical standard rather than a receptor-binding agent. A standard protocol for estrogen metabolite analysis involves preparing a solution of the compound in an appropriate solvent (e.g., methanol) and using it as an internal standard for LC-MS/MS or GC-MS analysis. The compound is added to biological samples (e.g., serum, urine, or tissue homogenates) before extraction and derivatization procedures. Quantification is performed by monitoring specific mass transitions for the labeled and unlabeled compounds. Quality control includes purity analysis (>95%) and calibration with standard solutions.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell culture experiments are not performed with 2-hydroxyestrone-d4. When studying the effects of catechol estrogens in cellular systems, the non-labeled compound is used. Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells (e.g., MCF-7) are treated with 2-hydroxyestrone at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 µM, and cell proliferation, apoptosis, and gene expression are measured. The labeled compound is used as an internal standard for LC-MS/MS analysis of catechol estrogen concentrations in cell culture media or lysates.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies are not conducted with 2-hydroxyestrone-d4. When used in pharmacokinetic studies, the labeled compound serves as an internal standard for the quantification of 2-hydroxyestrone in animal plasma or tissue samples. In typical protocols, animals are administered estradiol, and blood and urine samples are collected at various time points. The labeled internal standard is added to the samples before analysis by LC-MS/MS to ensure accurate and precise quantification.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of 2-hydroxyestrone-d4 itself are not characterized, as it is not a drug substance. 2-Hydroxyestrone is a metabolite of estradiol with a short half-life in circulation. It is rapidly metabolized by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) to 2-methoxyestrone and by sulfotransferases and glucuronidases to conjugated metabolites. The labeled compound is used as an internal standard to accurately quantify 2-hydroxyestrone in pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
2-Hydroxyestrone-d4 is not a therapeutic agent and has not been evaluated for toxicity in humans. Its non-deuterated form, 2-hydroxyestrone, is a naturally occurring estrogen metabolite. High levels of catechol estrogens have been associated with an increased risk of estrogen-related cancers due to the formation of DNA-reactive quinone metabolites. The deuterated compound is for research use only and should be handled with standard laboratory precautions, including the use of gloves and safety glasses.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
2-Hydroxyestrone-d4 is a stable isotope-labeled internal standard used in studies of estrogen metabolism, hormone regulation, and metabolic pathway analysis. It is also known as catecholestrone-d4. The compound is used in analytical method development, quality control, and biomonitoring studies. The incorporation of deuterium allows for accurate quantification of 2-hydroxyestrone in biological samples using mass spectrometry.
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| Molecular Formula |
C18H18D4O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
290.39
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| Exact Mass |
290.182
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| CAS # |
81586-97-2
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| Related CAS # |
2-Hydroxyestrone;362-06-1
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| PubChem CID |
71749016
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| Appearance |
Off-white to gray solid powder
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| LogP |
3.523
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
448
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
C[C@@]12C(=O)C([2H])([2H])C[C@H]1[C@@H]1CCC3C([2H])=C(C(=C(C=3[C@H]1CC2)[2H])O)O
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| InChi Key |
SWINWPBPEKHUOD-PJZZMCTGSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H22O3/c1-18-7-6-11-12(14(18)4-5-17(18)21)3-2-10-8-15(19)16(20)9-13(10)11/h8-9,11-12,14,19-20H,2-7H2,1H3/t11-,12+,14-,18-/m0/s1/i5D2,8D,9D
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| Chemical Name |
(8R,9S,13S,14S)-1,4,16,16-tetradeuterio-2,3-dihydroxy-13-methyl-6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4436 mL | 17.2182 mL | 34.4364 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6887 mL | 3.4436 mL | 6.8873 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3444 mL | 1.7218 mL | 3.4436 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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