| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Not applicable. Phenylglyoxylic acid-d5 is not a pharmacologically active drug; it is an analytical standard. The unlabeled compound, phenylglyoxylic acid (benzoylformic acid), is a metabolite of ethylbenzene and styrene (EB/S) and serves as a biomarker of human exposure to these industrial solvents. It is also used as a drug intermediate for the synthesis of antineoplastic (anti-cancer) compounds and has been investigated for anti-inflammatory activity.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as tracers that influence measurement during the drug development process. It's possible that the pharmacokinetics and functional range of medications contribute to the concern over mutagenesis [1].
In vitro, the unlabeled phenylglyoxylic acid has been investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity in various cellular models. It can be used as a substrate in enzymatic studies involving dehydrogenases and reductases. Additionally, it serves as a building block in medicinal chemistry for the synthesis of antineoplastic agents and metal-organic complexes with potential DNA-binding properties. The d5-labeled version has no biological activity. |
| ln Vivo |
Not applicable (no in vivo biological activity). Phenylglyoxylic acid-d5 is not intended for in vivo pharmacological studies. The unlabeled compound is an endogenous metabolite formed from the oxidation of styrene and ethylbenzene in the liver, primarily via the cytochrome P450 system. It is excreted in urine and used as a biomarker for occupational and environmental exposure monitoring. The d5-labeled standard is used as an internal standard for quantifying this metabolite in human urine samples.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Not applicable. As an analytical internal standard, Phenylglyoxylic acid-d5 is used in LC-MS/MS methods for the quantification of phenylglyoxylic acid in human urine, blood, or environmental samples. A typical non-cellular workflow involves: preparing the d5-labeled compound as an internal standard; adding it to urine or serum samples; protein precipitation or dilution; separation by reversed-phase HPLC using a C18 column; and detection by mass spectrometry in negative ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring of the parent→product ion transitions (e.g., m/z 149→105 for unlabeled and m/z 154→110 for d5-labeled).
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| Cell Assay |
Not applicable. Phenylglyoxylic acid-d5 is not used in standard cell-based assays for pharmacological purposes. As an analytical internal standard, it is added to biological samples for quantitation only. If cell-based studies were performed with the unlabeled compound, they would involve treating hepatocytes to study styrene metabolism or testing anti-inflammatory activity in immune cells, but the d5-labeled version is not used in such assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
Not applicable. Phenylglyoxylic acid-d5 is not used in animal experiments as a therapeutic agent. It is an analytical internal standard for ex vivo quantitation. In exposure studies, animals may be administered styrene or ethylbenzene, and the resulting phenylglyoxylic acid levels in urine or plasma are quantified using the d5-labeled compound as an internal standard during LC-MS/MS analysis. The labeled compound itself is not administered to the animals.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Not applicable. Phenylglyoxylic acid-d5 is not a drug candidate; therefore, no pharmacokinetic parameters are reported. The compound is supplied as a solid with a molecular weight of 155.16. For storage, it should be kept under the conditions specified in the certificate of analysis, typically at -20degC in a dry, well-ventilated place. The unlabeled compound has been investigated as a drug intermediate for anti-cancer agents and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in preclinical studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Not applicable. Toxicity studies are not performed for analytical reference standards like Phenylglyoxylic acid-d5 as it is not intended for human consumption. The unlabeled compound is generally considered a low-toxicity metabolite, as it is naturally produced in humans following exposure to common industrial solvents. However, standard laboratory safety precautions, including wearing personal protective equipment and avoiding inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, should be followed when handling this chemical.
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| References |
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;53(2):211-246.
[2]. Capella KM, et al. Ethylbenzene and styrene exposure in the United States based on urinary mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid: NHANES 2005-2006 and 2011-2012. Environ Res. 2019 Apr;171:101-110. |
| Additional Infomation |
Phenylglyoxylic acid-d5 is a stable isotope-labeled internal standard for LC-MS/MS quantification of phenylglyoxylic acid, a key biomarker for exposure to ethylbenzene and styrene (components of plastics, rubbers, and resins). The unlabeled compound has also been investigated for anti-inflammatory activity and as a drug intermediate for antineoplastic agents. This product is strictly a research-grade analytical standard with no approved therapeutic indications.
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| Molecular Formula |
C8HD5O3
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
155.16
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| Exact Mass |
155.063
|
| CAS # |
1217089-53-6
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| Related CAS # |
Phenylglyoxylic acid;611-73-4;Phenylglyoxylic acid sodium;43165-51-1;Phenylglyoxylic acid-d5 sodium;2708283-39-8
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| PubChem CID |
46782741
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
258.6±13.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
62-64° C
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| Flash Point |
124.4±16.3 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.569
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| LogP |
0.69
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
11
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| Complexity |
168
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C(O)(=O)C(=O)C1=C([2H])C([2H])=C([2H])C([2H])=C1[2H]
|
| InChi Key |
FAQJJMHZNSSFSM-RALIUCGRSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H6O3/c9-7(8(10)11)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,10,11)/i1D,2D,3D,4D,5D
|
| Chemical Name |
2-oxo-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriophenyl)acetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.4450 mL | 32.2248 mL | 64.4496 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.2890 mL | 6.4450 mL | 12.8899 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6445 mL | 3.2225 mL | 6.4450 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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