![1-Acetyl-β-carboline (1-(9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)ethanone)](/upload/1124/V62473.png)
| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The primary targets of 1-Acetyl-β-carboline include bacterial cells, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The compound primarily targets the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans, preventing the fungus from changing to a more virulent growth form known as the yeast-to-filament transition. It enhances tyrosinase activity and decreases ERK phosphorylation, suggesting interactions with melanogenesis and MAPK signaling pathways. The compound has demonstrated cytotoxic selectivity against melanoma cell lines, inducing significant apoptosis in SK-MEL-5 cells at 50 µM. Its synergistic antibacterial activity with ampicillin suggests interactions with bacterial cell wall or metabolic targets.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies have demonstrated that 1-Acetyl-β-carboline exhibits antibacterial activity against MRSA with MICs of 128-256 µg/mL. The compound enhances tyrosinase activity and decreases ERK phosphorylation. It has shown cytotoxic activity against melanoma cell lines, inducing significant apoptosis in SK-MEL-5 cells at 50 µM. Combination with ampicillin exhibits synergistic antibacterial activity against MRSA. The compound targets Candida albicans and prevents the yeast-to-filament transition. These in vitro findings support its potential as an antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer agent. Further studies are needed to fully characterize its mechanisms of action.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies of 1-Acetyl-β-carboline are limited, as the compound is primarily used as a research chemical. Its antibacterial activity against MRSA suggests potential for in vivo evaluation in animal models of infection. The compound's ability to enhance tyrosinase activity and melanin production indicates potential applications in pigmentation disorders. Its cytotoxic activity against melanoma cell lines suggests potential for in vivo evaluation in cancer models. The compound's natural occurrence as a microbial metabolite suggests it may have ecological functions. Further research is needed to fully characterize its in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro antibacterial assays for 1-Acetyl-β-carboline typically involve determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against bacterial strains including MRSA using broth microdilution or agar dilution methods. Synergy with ampicillin is assessed using checkerboard assays or time-kill curves. For antifungal activity against Candida albicans, MICs are determined using standard antifungal susceptibility testing methods. Tyrosinase activity is measured spectrophotometrically by monitoring the oxidation of L-DOPA to dopachrome. ERK phosphorylation is assessed using Western blotting or ELISA. For cytotoxicity studies, cell viability is measured using MTT or similar assays. All assays are performed with appropriate controls and standardized protocols.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for 1-Acetyl-β-carboline involve culturing various cell lines to evaluate its biological activities. For antibacterial activity, bacterial cultures are treated with the compound and cell viability is monitored by optical density measurements or colony counting. For antifungal activity, Candida albicans cultures are treated and the yeast-to-filament transition is assessed microscopically. For melanogenesis studies, melanoma cells are treated with the compound and melanin content is measured spectrophotometrically. Tyrosinase activity is measured in cell lysates. ERK phosphorylation is assessed by Western blotting. For cytotoxicity, cell viability is assessed using MTT, CCK-8, or similar assays. All experiments are performed in triplicate with appropriate controls to ensure statistical reliability.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for 1-Acetyl-β-carboline would be conducted to evaluate its antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. For antibacterial studies, infected animals (typically mice) would be treated with the compound and bacterial load assessed. For antifungal studies, animals infected with Candida albicans would be treated and fungal burden evaluated. For anticancer studies, tumor-bearing animals would be treated and tumor growth monitored. Parameters assessed include body weight, survival, and general health. Blood and tissue samples would be collected for biochemical analysis and histopathological examination. Control groups receiving vehicle alone or standard antibiotics/antifungals would be included for comparison. All procedures must comply with institutional animal care and use committee guidelines. Comprehensive in vivo studies are not well documented in the available literature.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of 1-Acetyl-β-carboline reflect its nature as a small alkaloid compound. It has a molecular weight of 210.23 and the molecular formula C13H10N2O. The compound is a β-carboline alkaloid with a harmala alkaloid structure. Its small size and lipophilic nature suggest it can cross biological membranes readily. The compound is expected to be metabolized through standard xenobiotic pathways in the liver. Complete pharmacokinetic profiling including absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, half-life, and bioavailability would require further systematic studies using appropriate analytical methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of 1-Acetyl-β-carboline has been evaluated in the context of its use as a research chemical. The compound is a natural product from Streptomyces kasugaensis. Its antibacterial and antifungal activities suggest potential for biological effects that should be carefully evaluated. The compound's cytotoxic activity against melanoma cells indicates potential for anticancer applications but also suggests caution regarding non-specific cytotoxicity. Proper handling procedures including use of personal protective equipment are recommended. The compound is not approved for human therapeutic use and is intended for research purposes only. Long-term toxicity studies would be needed to fully establish its safety profile.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
1-Acetyl-β-carbaline is a Halman alkaloid and a metabolite. 1-(9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)acetone has been reported in Streptomyces, Ophiopogon japonicus, and other organisms with relevant data.
1-Acetyl-β-carboline (CAS# 50892-83-6) is also known as 1-(9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)ethanone, 1-acetyl-beta-carboline, and 1-ABC. It has the molecular formula C13H10N2O and a molecular weight of 210.23. The compound is a naturally occurring β-carboline alkaloid identified as a metabolite in diverse microbial genera including Nonomuraea, Streptomyces, and Lentzea. It enhances tyrosinase activity, reduces ERK phosphorylation, and increases melanin production. The compound exhibits antibacterial activity against MRSA with MICs of 128-256 µg/mL. Combination with ampicillin exhibits synergistic antibacterial activity against MRSA. It targets Candida albicans and prevents the yeast-to-filament transition. The compound has demonstrated cytotoxic selectivity against melanoma cell lines. |
| Molecular Formula |
C13H10N2O
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| Molecular Weight |
210.23
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| Exact Mass |
210.079
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| CAS # |
50892-83-6
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| PubChem CID |
638667
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
438.2±25.0°C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
219.3±29.6°C
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| LogP |
2.918
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
16
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| Complexity |
292
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(=O)C1=NC=CC2=C1NC3=CC=CC=C23
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| InChi Key |
NXZSUJKPVSDFNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C13H10N2O/c1-8(16)12-13-10(6-7-14-12)9-4-2-3-5-11(9)15-13/h2-7,15H,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
1-(9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)ethanone
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| Synonyms |
1-(9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)ethanone; 1-Acetyl-β-carboline
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.7567 mL | 23.7835 mL | 47.5670 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9513 mL | 4.7567 mL | 9.5134 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4757 mL | 2.3783 mL | 4.7567 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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