| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Targets |
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs); cellular antioxidant and detoxification pathways. S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione is a glutathione conjugate that may interact with glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), the enzymes responsible for catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione with electrophilic substrates. The compound may also interact with other proteins involved in glutathione metabolism, such as glutathione reductases and glutathione peroxidases. As a glutathione conjugate, it may be transported by multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) and other efflux transporters. The compound is used as a research tool to study glutathione conjugation and detoxification pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
An IC50 of 2 μM is observed for S-(4-hydroxybenzyl)glutathione, which prevents specific [3H]kainic acid from binding to brain glutamate receptors[1].
S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione is a glutathione conjugate that can be used to study glutathione metabolism and detoxification pathways. The compound may inhibit or modulate the activity of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). It may also serve as a substrate for efflux transporters such as MRPs. The compound's specific in vitro activities would depend on the concentrations tested and the assay systems used. Further studies are needed to fully characterize its activity profile. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies of S-(4-hydroxybenzyl)glutathione are limited. As a glutathione conjugate, it may be formed in vivo through the metabolism of 4-hydroxybenzyl-containing compounds. The compound may be excreted in bile or urine via MRP-mediated transport. Its presence in biological samples can serve as a biomarker of exposure to 4-hydroxybenzyl-containing compounds. Further studies are needed to characterize its specific in vivo pharmacokinetic properties.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays for S-(4-hydroxybenzyl)glutathione include enzyme inhibition studies using purified glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). GST activity is measured by monitoring the conjugation of glutathione with a model substrate (e.g., 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, CDNB) in the presence of various concentrations of the compound. The compound's ability to inhibit GST activity can be assessed. Standard analytical methods including HPLC, LC-MS/MS, and NMR are used for compound characterization and quantification in biological samples.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for S-(4-hydroxybenzyl)glutathione use various cell lines to study its effects on glutathione metabolism and detoxification. Cells are treated with the compound, and intracellular glutathione levels, glutathione conjugate formation, and efflux of glutathione conjugates are measured. The compound's effects on cellular redox status and oxidative stress responses can be assessed. Cytotoxicity is assessed using standard cell viability assays. The role of specific GST isoforms and efflux transporters can be studied using inhibitors or genetic knockdown approaches.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies of S-(4-hydroxybenzyl)glutathione are limited. The compound may be administered to animals to study its pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and excretion. Alternatively, it may be measured as a metabolite or biomarker in animals exposed to 4-hydroxybenzyl-containing compounds. Standard protocols for pharmacokinetic studies involve administration of the compound followed by collection of blood, urine, and tissue samples for analysis by LC-MS/MS.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione has a molecular formula of C₁₇H₂₃N₃O₇S and a molecular weight of approximately 413.45 g/mol. It is a glutathione conjugate. The compound is soluble in aqueous solutions and organic solvents such as DMSO. It should be stored as a powder at -20°C for up to 3 years or in solvent at -80°C for 1 year. It is intended for research use only.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicity data for S-(4-hydroxybenzyl)glutathione are limited. As a glutathione conjugate, it is a naturally occurring metabolite and is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, comprehensive toxicological studies have not been reported. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed when handling this compound, including the use of personal protective equipment. It is intended for research use only.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Reports indicate that Gastrodia elata contains S-(4-hydroxybenzyl)glutathione, and relevant data is available for reference.
S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione is a glutathione conjugate formed by the conjugation of glutathione with a 4-hydroxybenzyl group. Glutathione is a tripeptide that plays a critical role in cellular antioxidant defense, detoxification, and redox homeostasis. The conjugation of glutathione with electrophilic compounds is catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and is an important mechanism for the detoxification of xenobiotics and endogenous reactive metabolites. S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione is used as a research tool for studying glutathione metabolism, detoxification pathways, and the role of glutathione conjugates in cellular processes. It is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C17H23N3O7S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
413.445423364639
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| Exact Mass |
413.125
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| CAS # |
129636-38-0
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| PubChem CID |
10364396
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| LogP |
-3
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
9
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
12
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| Heavy Atom Count |
28
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| Complexity |
553
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
C1=CC(=CC=C1CSC[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)O)NC(=O)CC[C@@H](C(=O)O)N)O
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| InChi Key |
GZQWDMACVJFPRW-STQMWFEESA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C17H23N3O7S/c18-12(17(26)27)5-6-14(22)20-13(16(25)19-7-15(23)24)9-28-8-10-1-3-11(21)4-2-10/h1-4,12-13,21H,5-9,18H2,(H,19,25)(H,20,22)(H,23,24)(H,26,27)/t12-,13-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-5-[[(2R)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-3-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylsulfanyl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
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| Synonyms |
Cyclo(Ile-Ala)
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
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| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4187 mL | 12.0934 mL | 24.1867 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4837 mL | 2.4187 mL | 4.8373 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2419 mL | 1.2093 mL | 2.4187 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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