| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Multiple targets including inflammatory mediators, immune cells, and antioxidant pathways. Aurantiamide exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. It may modulate immune cell function by affecting T cell and macrophage activity. The compound may also have antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. Its hepatoprotective effects are attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The compound's mechanism of action may involve modulation of NF-κB and other signaling pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
Aurantiamide exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. The compound may show immunomodulatory effects by regulating T cell and macrophage function. Antioxidant activity has been observed, with the compound scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. Hepatoprotective effects have been reported, with the compound protecting against liver damage in various models. The compound's specific in vitro activities would depend on the concentrations tested and the assay systems used. Further studies are needed to fully characterize its activity profile.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies of aurantiamide have demonstrated its anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects. The compound has been shown to reduce inflammation in animal models and protect against liver damage. Its immunomodulatory effects may be beneficial in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. The compound's antioxidant activity suggests potential benefits in oxidative stress-related diseases. Further studies are needed to characterize its specific in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays for aurantiamide include anti-inflammatory assays measuring inhibition of COX-2, LOX, or cytokine production in enzyme assays. Antioxidant activity is assessed using DPPH, ABTS, or FRAP assays. Immunomodulatory activity can be assessed using lymphocyte proliferation assays or cytokine production assays. Standard analytical methods including HPLC, NMR, and mass spectrometry are used for compound characterization.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for aurantiamide use various cell lines to assess its biological activities. Macrophage cell lines (e.g., RAW 264.7) are stimulated with LPS and treated with the compound, and inflammatory mediators in culture supernatant are measured. For immunomodulatory studies, splenocytes or peripheral blood mononuclear cells are treated with the compound and proliferation or cytokine production is measured. For antioxidant studies, cells are exposed to oxidative stress inducers and treated with the compound, and intracellular ROS levels are measured. Hepatoprotective effects are assessed in hepatocyte cell lines.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies of aurantiamide have been conducted in animal models. For anti-inflammatory studies, carrageenan-induced paw edema or LPS-induced sepsis models are used. For hepatoprotective studies, CCl₄- or APAP-induced liver injury models are used. The compound is administered orally, intraperitoneally, or intravenously. Relevant endpoints including inflammatory markers, liver enzymes, and histopathology are measured.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for aurantiamide are limited. As a dipeptide compound with a molecular weight of approximately 402.49 g/mol, it may be absorbed after oral administration. The compound may undergo hydrolysis by peptidases to release its constituent amino acids. It is soluble in organic solvents such as DMSO. It should be stored as a powder at -20°C for up to 3 years or in solvent at -80°C for 1 year.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicity data for aurantiamide are limited. As a naturally occurring dipeptide, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, comprehensive toxicological studies have not been reported. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed when handling this compound, including the use of personal protective equipment. It is intended for research use only.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
According to reports, nerol is found in plants of the genera Piper, Portulaca, and other organisms with relevant data.
Aurantiamide is a naturally occurring dipeptide found in various plant species, including Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (bitter orange) and other medicinal plants. The compound exhibits various biological activities including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects. It is used as a reference standard for the identification and quantification of dipeptide compounds in plant extracts and for research purposes. The compound's mechanism of action involves modulation of inflammatory and immune signaling pathways. It is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C25H26N2O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
402.49
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| Exact Mass |
402.194
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| CAS # |
58115-31-4
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| PubChem CID |
185904
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
723.6±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
391.4±32.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.610
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| LogP |
3.64
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
9
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
521
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
O([H])C([H])([H])[C@]([H])(C([H])([H])C1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=1[H])N([H])C([C@]([H])(C([H])([H])C1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=1[H])N([H])C(C1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=1[H])=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
KSVKECXWDNCRTM-GOTSBHOMSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C25H26N2O3/c28-18-22(16-19-10-4-1-5-11-19)26-25(30)23(17-20-12-6-2-7-13-20)27-24(29)21-14-8-3-9-15-21/h1-15,22-23,28H,16-18H2,(H,26,30)(H,27,29)/t22-,23-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
N-[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]benzamide
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| Synonyms |
Aurantiamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4845 mL | 12.4227 mL | 24.8453 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4969 mL | 2.4845 mL | 4.9691 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2485 mL | 1.2423 mL | 2.4845 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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