| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes. Perfluorodecalin competitively inhibits the binding of substrates to cytochrome P-450 and decreases the rates of monooxygenase reactions. Extrusion of perfluorodecalin from the active center of cytochrome P-450 occurs when an excess of perfluorocarbons non-interacting with cytochrome P-450 is added to microsomes. The compound also functions as an oxygen carrier, facilitating oxygen delivery to tissues without specific receptor binding. Its biological effects are largely mediated through its physicochemical properties rather than direct receptor interactions.
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| ln Vitro |
Perfluorodecalin prolongs cell survival in anaerobic environments and enhances the radiopacity, injectability, and cohesion of bone cements, promoting bone regeneration. At 10% v/v, it ameliorates hypoxia and increases cell viability in transplantation of encapsulated islets. In cell proliferation assays using BM cells, perfluorodecalin increased the number of BM cells over a 21-day incubation period. RT-PCR analysis in islets showed decreased HIF-1α expression and increased VEGF expression following treatment with 10% v/v perfluorodecalin. The compound also exhibits a direct anti-inflammatory effect regardless of oxygenation status.
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| ln Vivo |
In albino rabbits, intravitreal injection of perfluorodecalin (1.1-1.5 ml/eye) induced inflammation, retinal damage, appearance of foam cells, preretinal membranes, and interface necrosis. Perfluorodecalin has been shown to reduce levels of cytokines and chemokines including TNF-α and inhibit neutrophil activation and infiltration during lung inflammation. The compound enhances bone regeneration in vivo and is used as an oxygen carrier in various research models including liquid ventilation in premature lambs. Its anti-inflammatory effects have been observed regardless of whether the compound is oxygenated.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays for perfluorodecalin typically involve cytochrome P-450 inhibition studies using liver microsomes. The compound is incubated with microsomal preparations and substrate, and monooxygenase reaction rates are measured spectrophotometrically. Competitive inhibition is assessed by varying substrate concentrations in the presence of fixed perfluorodecalin concentrations. Oxygen-carrying capacity is measured using standard gas dissolution techniques. Physicochemical characterization includes determination of solubility, density, and thermal stability using standard analytical methods.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for perfluorodecalin include cell proliferation studies using BM cells cultured with the compound for up to 21 days, with cell counts measured at regular intervals. Hypoxia amelioration is assessed using encapsulated islets treated with 10% v/v perfluorodecalin, with HIF-1α and VEGF expression analyzed by RT-PCR. Cytotoxicity is evaluated using standard cell viability assays such as MTT or LDH release in various cell lines. The compound's effects on reactive oxygen species generation and DNA damage can be assessed in human liver cells using fluorescent probes and comet assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies of perfluorodecalin have been conducted in albino rabbits, where intravitreal injection (1.1-1.5 ml/eye) was used to assess retinal toxicity and inflammation. In rats, intravenous injection of emulsified perfluorodecalin (10 mL/kg of 30% w/v emulsion) was used to assess tissue uptake and biokinetics. Liquid ventilation studies in premature lambs evaluated uptake, biodistribution, and elimination of perfluorodecalin. Inflammatory models have assessed the compound's effects on cytokine levels and neutrophil infiltration.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Perfluorodecalin has a molecular formula of C₁₀F₁₈ and a molecular weight of 462.08 g/mol. It is soluble in DMSO at 100 mg/mL (216.41 mM) with ultrasonic warming to 60°C. In rats given 4 g/kg body weight, the half-life of perfluorodecalin calculated from expiratory excretion rate is approximately 7 days. The compound is taken up into the liver, spleen, and bone, with maximum deposition occurring within 4 days after infusion. It is eliminated through the lungs upon return to gas ventilation. The compound is non-bio-accumulating.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Perfluorodecalin is generally considered non-toxic with low acute toxicity. In rats, the acute inhalation LC₅₀ was estimated to be >8,647 ppm, indicating no significant acute inhalation toxicity. In a first-in-human trial, intrarectal administration of non-oxygenated perfluorodecalin was safe, feasible, and well tolerated, with no serious adverse events or dose-limiting toxicities. Mild gastrointestinal symptoms were transient and dose-dependent. However, the compound may induce DNA damage and disturb total antioxidant capacity in human liver cells. It is considered to have moderate to high toxicity concerns in some classifications.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Perfluorodecalin is a fluorocarbon compound in which all hydrogen atoms in decahydronaphthalene are replaced by fluorine atoms. It can dissolve large amounts of oxygen, thus it is used as a base material for artificial blood substitutes. It can be used both as a blood substitute and as a solvent. Perfluorodecalin is derived from the hydride of decahydronaphthalene. Currently, Perfluorodecalin is being studied in the clinical trial NCT03668665 (Application of hyaluronic acid, Perfluorodecalin, and physalin extract to promote wound healing after excision of skin laceration of the thigh—a "laceration design" study).
Perfluorodecalin is a perfluorocarbon compound used as an artificial blood substitute, in vitreoretinal surgery for giant retinal tears, and in research on oxygen delivery and tissue engineering. It enhances bone regeneration and cell viability. The compound has been studied in liquid ventilation for neonatal respiratory support. It is chemically and biologically inert, non-flammable, thermally stable, and non-bio-accumulating. Perfluorodecalin is also used as an additive to increase oxygen solubility in fermentation media. It is for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10F18
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
462.08
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| Exact Mass |
461.971
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| CAS # |
306-94-5
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| PubChem CID |
9386
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| Density |
1.8±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
143.1±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
-10ºC
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| Flash Point |
46.4±19.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
6.8±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.296
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| LogP |
6.03
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
18
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
28
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| Complexity |
587
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
FC1(F)C2(F)C(F)(C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C2(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F
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| InChi Key |
UWEYRJFJVCLAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10F18/c11-1-2(12,5(17,18)9(25,26)7(21,22)3(1,13)14)6(19,20)10(27,28)8(23,24)4(1,15)16
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| Chemical Name |
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4a,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8a-octadecafluoronaphthalene
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (216.41 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1641 mL | 10.8206 mL | 21.6413 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4328 mL | 2.1641 mL | 4.3283 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2164 mL | 1.0821 mL | 2.1641 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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