| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Ceramide-activated protein phosphatases (PP1 and PP2A), protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, cathepsin D, and other downstream effectors involved in stress signaling. It activates the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via Bax/Bak and promotes reactive oxygen species generation, leading to cytochrome c release and caspase activation.
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| ln Vitro |
In MDA-MB-231 cells, liposomal Doxorubicin toxicity is increased by C12-Ceramide (1 μM; 24-72 h)[1].
C12-ceramide induces apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell lines (e.g., MCF-7, HeLa, A549, U937) with IC₅₀ values typically in the range of 10-50 µM after 24-72 hours. It activates caspase-3 and caspase-9, increases DNA fragmentation, and causes cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 or G2/M phases. It also enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents like paclitaxel and doxorubicin. At lower concentrations, it may promote differentiation in neuroblastoma cells. |
| ln Vivo |
In mouse xenograft models, C12-ceramide administered intratumorally or intraperitoneally (e.g., 10-20 mg/kg) significantly reduces tumor growth and induces apoptosis in situ. It also shows efficacy in models of ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing inflammatory responses and oxidative damage. However, its short half-life and rapid metabolism limit systemic use. Combination therapy with conventional drugs often enhances antitumor efficacy.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays include measurement of ceramide kinase activity using [γ-³²P]ATP and thin-layer chromatography; binding to cathepsin D is assessed by fluorescence polarization using a labeled peptide substrate. Phosphatase activity of PP2A is measured using a synthetic phosphopeptide substrate and malachite green detection. Ceramide-induced liposome permeabilization can be monitored by calcein leakage assays to assess membrane effects.
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| Cell Assay |
Cells are seeded in 96-well plates and treated with C12-ceramide (2.5-100 µM) for 24-72 hours. Apoptosis is quantified by Annexin V/PI staining via flow cytometry; caspase-3/9 activity is measured using fluorogenic substrates (DEVD-AFC, LEHD-AFC). Cell cycle distribution is analyzed by propidium iodide staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) is assessed using JC-1 dye. For combination studies, sub-IC₅₀ doses are used with standard chemotherapeutics to evaluate synergy.
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| Animal Protocol |
Female athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous xenografts of human cancer cells (e.g., A549 lung or MCF-7 breast) are treated with C12-ceramide (5-20 mg/kg, i.p. or intratumoral, daily or every other day) for 14-21 days. Tumor volume is measured every 3-4 days; at termination, tumors are excised and analyzed for apoptosis (TUNEL), caspase activity, and histopathology. Body weight and organ toxicity are monitored. Combination with paclitaxel or cisplatin is also evaluated.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
C12-ceramide has poor oral bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism by ceramidases and rapid clearance. Following intravenous administration, half-life is approximately 15-30 minutes. It is metabolized to sphingosine and then to sphingosine-1-phosphate. Protein binding is high. Liposomal formulations or nanoparticles are employed to prolong circulation and enhance tumor delivery. Pharmacokinetic parameters vary widely with formulation.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
At therapeutic doses (10-20 mg/kg in mice), C12-ceramide is generally well tolerated, with mild weight loss and transient liver enzyme elevation. Higher doses may cause hepatotoxicity and renal impairment. In vitro, it shows concentration-dependent cytotoxicity; IC₅₀ values in normal cells are typically >100 µM, indicating a favorable therapeutic window. Long-term toxicity studies are lacking. Standard safety precautions for handling cytotoxic agents apply.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
N-Lanoylsphingosine is an N-acylsphingosine in which the N-acyl group of the ceramide is designated as dodecanoyl (lauroyl). It is functionally related to dodecanoic acid. Lauroylsphingosine has been reported in bovine (Bos taurus), and relevant data exist.
C12-ceramide is a widely used research tool in sphingolipid biology. It is not approved for clinical use but has been investigated in preclinical studies for cancer therapy, neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's), and inflammatory conditions. Its ability to modulate multiple signaling pathways makes it valuable for dissecting ceramide functions. It is commercially available as a lyophilized powder for research purposes. |
| Molecular Formula |
C30H59NO3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
481.79
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| Exact Mass |
481.449
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| CAS # |
74713-60-3
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| PubChem CID |
5283562
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
636.1±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
338.5±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±4.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.481
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| LogP |
11.21
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
26
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| Heavy Atom Count |
34
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| Complexity |
452
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCC/C=C/[C@H]([C@H](CO)NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC)O
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| InChi Key |
HXFPPRPLRSPNIB-VARSQMIESA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H59NO3/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-14-15-16-18-19-21-23-25-29(33)28(27-32)31-30(34)26-24-22-20-17-12-10-8-6-4-2/h23,25,28-29,32-33H,3-22,24,26-27H2,1-2H3,(H,31,34)/b25-23+/t28-,29+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
N-[(E,2S,3R)-1,3-dihydroxyoctadec-4-en-2-yl]dodecanamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0756 mL | 10.3780 mL | 20.7559 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4151 mL | 2.0756 mL | 4.1512 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2076 mL | 1.0378 mL | 2.0756 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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