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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine targets heme peroxidases, serving as a reducing co-substrate. In the presence of peroxidase enzymes and hydrogen peroxide, TMPD is oxidized to a colored product that can be detected spectrophotometrically. This makes it useful for the detection and quantification of peroxidase activity in biochemical assays and gel electrophoresis.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine is used as a reducing co-substrate for heme peroxidases. The compound is oxidized by peroxidases in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, producing a colored product that can be detected. This reaction is used for the detection of peroxidases on polyacrylamide gels and in various biochemical assays. Its activity is concentration-dependent.
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| ln Vivo |
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine is not used in vivo as a therapeutic agent. It is a chemical reagent used in biochemical assays. The compound itself is not administered to animals or humans. Its in vivo effects, if any, have not been characterized as it is not a drug.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays for N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine involve characterization of its chemical properties and its use as a peroxidase substrate. The compound's structure is confirmed by NMR and MS. Its purity is determined by HPLC. Peroxidase activity assays use TMPD as a substrate; the oxidation product is measured spectrophotometrically at a specific wavelength. The compound's chemical properties are characterized.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine are not typically performed as the compound is used as a reagent rather than a bioactive compound. However, in studies of peroxidase activity in cell lysates or tissue extracts, TMPD may be used as a substrate to measure enzyme activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine is not used in animal experiments as a therapeutic agent. It is a chemical reagent used in biochemical assays. The compound is not administered to animals for therapeutic purposes. Its use is limited to in vitro biochemical applications.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties are not applicable to N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine as it is not a therapeutic agent. The compound is a chemical reagent used in biochemical assays. Its chemical stability, solubility, and reactivity are characterized for research applications. No PK data are available as the compound is not a drug.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity Data
LCLo (mice) = 780 mg/m³/10min The toxicity of N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine has not been comprehensively evaluated as it is not a therapeutic agent. The compound is handled as a chemical reagent with standard laboratory safety precautions. As an aromatic amine, it may be irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human consumption. |
| References |
[1]. Zhou S, Yao Y, et al. A cytochrome c-enhanced peroxidation reaction with potential use in screening dietary antioxidants. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2004 Mar 10;34(5):1057-61.
[2]. Sarti P, et al. Permeability of rat heart myocytes to cytochrome c. Cell Mol Life Sci. 1999 Dec;56(11-12):1061-9. |
| Additional Infomation |
Small, leaf-like or dark green solid. (NTP, 1992)
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (CAS# 100-22-1) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C₁₀H₁₆N₂ and a molecular weight of 164.25. It is also known as p-Phenylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl- and p-Bis(dimethylamino)benzene. The compound is a reducing co-substrate for heme peroxidases and is used for the detection of peroxidases on polyacrylamide gels. As of current knowledge, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine is not approved as a therapeutic agent. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H16N2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
164.25
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| Exact Mass |
164.131
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| CAS # |
100-22-1
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| PubChem CID |
7490
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
260.6±13.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
120 to 124 °F (NTP, 1992)
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| Flash Point |
104.9±7.7 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.578
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| LogP |
2.08
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
12
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| Complexity |
108
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)N(C)C
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| InChi Key |
CJAOGUFAAWZWNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H16N2/c1-11(2)9-5-7-10(8-6-9)12(3)4/h5-8H,1-4H3
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| Chemical Name |
1-N,1-N,4-N,4-N-tetramethylbenzene-1,4-diamine
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.0883 mL | 30.4414 mL | 60.8828 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.2177 mL | 6.0883 mL | 12.1766 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6088 mL | 3.0441 mL | 6.0883 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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