| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Cyclo(Pro-Val) targets Gram-positive bacteria, including Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. It demonstrates selective antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The compound has been studied for its potential biological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. It also exhibits weak antitumor activity.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Cyclo(Pro-Val) (10, 20, and 30 μg/ml, 48 hours)led to 65%, 73%, and 80% mortality of suspended cells, respectively.
In vitro, Cyclo(Pro-Val) demonstrates cytotoxicity, moderate antifungal activity, and weak antitumor activity. It inhibits the growth of Bacillus subtilis with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.8 g/L. It shows dose-dependent cytotoxicity in suspension cell assays. At concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 μg/mL for 48 hours, it causes suspension cell death rates of 65%, 73%, and 80%, respectively. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity data for Cyclo(Pro-Val) are limited. The compound has been studied for its potential biological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, specific animal model studies have not been detailed in the available literature. Further investigation is needed to confirm its systemic efficacy.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Specific protocols for enzyme or receptor binding assays have not been established for Cyclo(Pro-Val). Antimicrobial activity is assessed using standard broth microdilution methods to determine MIC values. Cytotoxicity is evaluated using standard cell viability assays such as MTT or SRB.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for Cyclo(Pro-Val) involve treating suspension cells with the compound at concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 μg/mL for 48 hours. Cell death rates are measured to assess cytotoxicity. Antimicrobial activity can be evaluated in bacterial cultures by measuring growth inhibition.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal protocols for Cyclo(Pro-Val) have not been established. For related antimicrobial peptides, standard models involve administering the compound to infected animals and monitoring survival and bacterial load. Specific protocols for this compound are not documented.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for Cyclo(Pro-Val) are not extensively reported. The compound has a molecular weight of 196.25 and a molecular formula of C10H16N2O2. It is stored as a powder at -20°C for up to 3 years and in solvent at -80°C for up to 6 months. As a cyclic dipeptide, it may have improved stability compared to linear peptides.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Cyclo(Pro-Val) are limited. The compound exhibits dose-dependent cytotoxicity in suspension cell assays. As a research-use-only compound, it has not undergone formal safety assessment. Standard laboratory precautions should be observed when handling the compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Cyclic (D-valine-L-proline) is an oxygen- and nitrogen-containing organic compound. Functionally, it is associated with α-amino acids. Pyrrolo(1,2-a)pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(1-methylethyl)- has been reported in Streptomyces niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and other organisms with relevant data.
Cyclo(Pro-Val) is a research-use-only compound. It is a cyclic dipeptide obtained from marine fungi. It demonstrates moderate antifungal activity, antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis with an MIC of 0.8 g/L, and dose-dependent cytotoxicity. It exhibits selective antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. It can serve as a building block for more complex peptide sequences in drug design. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H16N2O2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
196.25
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| Exact Mass |
196.121
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| CAS # |
5654-87-5
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| PubChem CID |
98951
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| Density |
1.17g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
420.7ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
208.2ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.535
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| LogP |
0.398
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
14
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| Complexity |
275
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
O=C1C(C(C)C)N([H])C(C2CCCN21)=O
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| InChi Key |
XLUAWXQORJEMBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H16N2O2/c1-6(2)8-10(14)12-5-3-4-7(12)9(13)11-8/h6-8H,3-5H2,1-2H3,(H,11,13)
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| Chemical Name |
3-propan-2-yl-2,3,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.0955 mL | 25.4777 mL | 50.9554 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0191 mL | 5.0955 mL | 10.1911 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5096 mL | 2.5478 mL | 5.0955 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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