| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The molecular targets of (+)-2-Carene are not fully characterized. As a monoterpene, it likely interacts with multiple cellular targets including membrane receptors, enzymes, and signaling molecules involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell proliferation. Its broad spectrum of activities suggests interactions with multiple pathways. The compound's reactivity is attributed to the double bond at position 2. Further research is needed to identify specific molecular targets.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies of (+)-2-Carene have demonstrated antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. The compound shows antibacterial and antifungal properties. Its antioxidant activity has been characterized through various assays. The compound's anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects have been observed in cell-based models. These in vitro activities support its potential for various therapeutic applications.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies of 2-Carene have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, and antiallergic activities, as well as neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. The compound's broad spectrum of in vivo activities suggests it may have therapeutic potential for various conditions. However, specific in vivo experimental details and efficacy data for (+)-2-Carene are not detailed in the available literature.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Typical in vitro assays for monoterpenes include antimicrobial assays (broth microdilution for MIC determination), antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP), and anti-inflammatory assays (measuring NO production in LPS-stimulated macrophages). For antitumor activity, cancer cell lines are treated with the compound at various concentrations for 48-72 hours, and cell viability is assessed by MTT assay. These protocols are standard for evaluating the biological activities of natural products.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for (+)-2-Carene typically involve treating cultured cells (macrophages, cancer cells, neuronal cells) with the compound at concentrations ranging from 1-100 µM for 24-48 hours. Inflammatory markers, ROS levels, cell viability, and apoptosis are assessed using standard methods such as ELISA, fluorescent probes, and flow cytometry. These cell-based systems allow for detailed analysis of the compound's mechanism of action.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for (+)-2-Carene are not detailed in the available literature. For anti-inflammatory studies, typical animal models include carrageenan-induced paw edema or xylene-induced ear edema in rodents. The compound is administered orally or topically at doses ranging from 10-100 mg/kg. For antitumor studies, xenograft mouse models are used. Efficacy is assessed by measuring inflammation, tumor volume, and survival. However, such studies have not been reported for this specific compound.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for (+)-2-Carene are limited. As a monoterpene with a molecular weight of 136.23 g/mol, it would be expected to have good oral bioavailability and rapid absorption. The compound is lipophilic and would distribute widely in tissues. It is likely metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes and excreted in urine and bile. However, detailed PK parameters are not available in the consulted sources.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for (+)-2-Carene are limited. As a naturally occurring monoterpene found in essential oils, it is generally considered safe at low concentrations. High doses may cause irritation or toxicity. The compound's hepatoprotective effects suggest it may have beneficial effects on the liver. However, comprehensive toxicological studies have not been reported. Standard safety precautions should be followed.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
δ-2-carene is a monoterpene. It has been reported that (+)-2-carene is found in spruce, tomato, and Aspergillus flavus, and relevant data are available for reference.
(+)-2-Carene is a naturally occurring bicyclic monoterpene and stereoisomer of 2-carene. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, antiallergic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. The compound is found in essential oils of pine, cedar, and cypress and is used in research on inflammation, infection, oxidative stress, and cancer. It is not approved for any clinical indication. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H16
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
136.23
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| Exact Mass |
136.125
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| CAS # |
4497-92-1
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| PubChem CID |
78249
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
0.879g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
167.5ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
25°C (estimate)
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| Flash Point |
38.3ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
n20/D 1.476(lit.)
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| LogP |
2.998
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
0
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
186
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
CC1CCC2C(C)(C)C2C=1
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| InChi Key |
IBVJWOMJGCHRRW-BDAKNGLRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-7-4-5-8-9(6-7)10(8,2)3/h6,8-9H,4-5H2,1-3H3/t8-,9+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(1S,6R)-3,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-ene
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.3405 mL | 36.7026 mL | 73.4053 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.4681 mL | 7.3405 mL | 14.6811 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7341 mL | 3.6703 mL | 7.3405 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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