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| Targets |
The molecular targets of Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside include α-amylase and α-glucosidase, which are key enzymes in carbohydrate digestion. The compound's antioxidant activity involves scavenging of reactive oxygen species and modulation of cellular redox status. Its anti-inflammatory effects are mediated through the attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction and reduction of inflammatory mediators. The compound's multiple targets contribute to its potential for intestinal inflammatory disease research. It also targets mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes such as MnSOD and CAT.
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| ln Vitro |
Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10 μg/mL; 24 h) has antioxidant properties that attenuate mitochondrial dysfunction, providing protection against Streptozotocin-induced cell damage[3].
In vitro studies demonstrate that Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside has strong inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. It has the activity of inhibiting protein glycation. The compound protects against streptozotocin-induced cellular damage through its antioxidant effects. At a concentration of 10 μg/mL for 24 hours, it shows protective effects against cellular damage. It increases the MnSOD level attenuated by Streptozotocin treatment and restores the Streptozotocin-induced reduction in mitochondrial CAT level. These in vitro activities support its potential for metabolic and inflammatory disease research. |
| ln Vivo |
Intraperitoneal injection (10 mg/kg; once) of catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside has a marginally protective effect against death caused by LPS/D-GalN[1]. In the TNBS model of rat colitis, intestinal inflammatory damages are prevented by therapy with cetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10 mg/kg, once daily, 7 d)[2].
In vivo studies of Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside have demonstrated that it has oral bioavailability. Intraperitoneal injection (10 mg/kg; once) has a marginally protective effect against death caused by LPS/D-GalN. In the TNBS model of rat colitis, intestinal inflammatory damages are prevented by therapy with catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10 mg/kg, once daily, 7 days). It suppressed body weight loss and intestinal inflammatory damages in TNBS-induced colitic rats, decreased myeloperoxidase activity and malondialdehyde level, but increased glutathione level in the TNBS colitic rats. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Typical in vitro assays for Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside include α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. For α-glucosidase, the enzyme is incubated with p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside substrate and various concentrations of the compound at 37°C for 15-30 minutes. Absorbance is measured at 405 nm, and IC₅₀ values are calculated. For antioxidant activity, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays are performed. Protein glycation inhibition is assessed by measuring fluorescence of advanced glycation end products (AGEs).
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| Cell Assay |
Western Blot Analysis[3]
Cell Types: RINm5F rat pancreatic β-cells Tested Concentrations: 10 μg/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Increased the MnSOD level attenuated by Streptozotocin treatment. Restored the Streptozotocin-induced reduction in mitochondrial CAT level. Cell-based assays for Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside typically involve RINm5F rat pancreatic β-cells. Cells are treated with the compound at 10 μg/mL for 24 hours. For cytoprotection studies, cells are pre-treated with the compound before exposure to streptozotocin or other inducers of oxidative stress. Cell viability is assessed by MTT assay. Mitochondrial function is assessed by measuring MnSOD and CAT levels. Inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-6, and NO are measured by ELISA or qPCR. These cell-based systems allow for detailed analysis of the compound's mechanism of action. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Mice injected with LPS/D-GalN[1]
Doses: 10 mg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; 10 mg/kg; once Experimental Results: demonstrated 80% LPS/DGalN-induced lethality in mice. Animal/Disease Models: Rat model of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis[2] Doses: 10 mg/kg Route of Administration: Oral administration; 10 mg/kg; one time/day; 7 days Experimental Results: Suppressed body weight loss and intestinal inflammatory damages in TNBS-induced colitic rats. decreased myeloperoxidase activity and malondialdehyde level, but increased glutathione level in the TNBS colitic rats. In vivo animal experiments for Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside typically involve rodent models of intestinal inflammatory disease, such as TNBS-induced colitis. Mice are administered the compound orally at 10 mg/kg once daily for 7 days. Disease activity index, colon length, and histological scores are assessed. Inflammatory cytokines in colon tissue are measured by ELISA or qPCR. Myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde level, and glutathione level are measured in the TNBS colitic rats. LPS/D-GalN-induced lethality in mice is also used as a model. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic studies of Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside indicate that it is orally bioavailable. As a flavonoid glucoside with a molecular weight of 452.13 g/mol, it may be absorbed in the small intestine or metabolized by gut microbiota to release the aglycone. The compound's distribution, metabolism, and excretion have not been fully characterized. Further studies are needed to define its PK parameters, including Cmax, Tmax, half-life, and bioavailability.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Limited toxicological data are available for Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. As a natural flavonoid, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. The compound's antioxidant properties suggest it may have protective effects against oxidative stress-induced damage. However, comprehensive toxicological studies including acute, subchronic, and genotoxicity assessments have not been reported. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
It has been reported that barley, Nephrolepis cordifolia, and other organisms with available data contain catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside.
Catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound found in Ulmus davidiana and Paeonia obovata. It has oral bioavailability and exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The compound alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and can be used in research on inflammatory bowel disease. It inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase, suggesting potential for diabetes research. It is not approved for any clinical indication and is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C21H24O11
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| Molecular Weight |
452.41
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| Exact Mass |
203.069
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| CAS # |
65597-47-9
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| PubChem CID |
10789789
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| LogP |
0.465
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
32
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| Complexity |
623
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
7
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| SMILES |
C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
VLFIBROLAXKPQK-DPRDWZRASA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H24O11/c22-7-16-17(27)18(28)19(29)21(32-16)30-9-4-12(24)10-6-14(26)20(31-15(10)5-9)8-1-2-11(23)13(25)3-8/h1-5,14,16-29H,6-7H2/t14-,16+,17+,18-,19+,20+,21+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2104 mL | 11.0519 mL | 22.1038 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4421 mL | 2.2104 mL | 4.4208 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2210 mL | 1.1052 mL | 2.2104 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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