| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Hemiphloin targets multiple pathways. It enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in L6 myotubes, suggesting it may target insulin signaling pathways. It inhibits α-amylase (IC₅₀ 46.42 µM), indicating it may be useful for managing postprandial blood glucose levels. It shows anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-induced J774 cells by decreasing LPS-induced NO productions and iNOS and COX-2 expressions. It also inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 gene expressions.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Hemiphloin enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in L6 myotubes. It inhibits α-amylase with an IC₅₀ of 46.42 µM. It has defined antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC₅₀ 264.44 mM; superoxide IC₅₀ 360.03 µM). It shows anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-induced J774 cells by decreasing LPS-induced NO productions and iNOS and COX-2 expressions. It inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 gene expressions.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Hemiphloin has been studied for its effects against atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation. It showed anti-inflammatory activities and is a therapeutic candidate for inflammatory skin diseases. Its ability to enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and inhibit α-amylase suggests potential for managing diabetes. However, specific in vivo efficacy data are not detailed in the available literature.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
Typical in vitro assays for Hemiphloin include α-amylase inhibition assays, where the enzyme is incubated with starch substrate and various concentrations of the compound, and activity is measured by the reduction of DNS reagent. Antioxidant assays include DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging assays. Anti-inflammatory assays measure NO production in LPS-stimulated J774 macrophages by Griess assay. Glucose uptake is measured in L6 myotubes using 2-deoxyglucose uptake assays.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Hemiphloin typically involve treating L6 myotubes or J774 macrophages with the compound at concentrations ranging from 1-100 µM for 24-48 hours. Glucose uptake is measured using radiolabeled or fluorescent glucose analogs. Inflammatory markers such as NO, iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 are measured by Griess assay, ELISA, or Western blot. ROS levels are measured using fluorescent probes. These cell-based systems allow for detailed analysis of the compound's mechanism of action.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for Hemiphloin are not detailed in the available literature. For atopic dermatitis studies, typical animal models involve inducing skin inflammation in mice and applying the compound topically. Skin inflammation, histological changes, and inflammatory markers are assessed. For diabetes studies, diabetic mouse models are used, and blood glucose levels are measured. However, such studies have not been reported for this specific compound.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for Hemiphloin are limited. As a flavonoid with a molecular weight of 434.39 g/mol, it would be expected to have moderate oral bioavailability. Flavonoids are typically metabolized by conjugation reactions. However, detailed ADME parameters are not available in the consulted sources.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Hemiphloin are limited. As a natural flavonoid, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, comprehensive toxicological studies have not been reported. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Hemiflavonoids are flavonoid compounds belonging to the C-glycoside class. They have been reported to exist in custard apples, broad beans, and other organisms with relevant data.
Hemiphloin is a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-α-amylase activities. It enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and is a therapeutic candidate for inflammatory skin diseases. It is a research compound for studying diabetes, inflammation, and oxidative stress. It is not approved for any clinical indication. |
| Molecular Formula |
C21H22O10
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
434.393
|
| Exact Mass |
434.121
|
| CAS # |
71963-94-5
|
| PubChem CID |
160711
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| LogP |
-0.1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
7
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
31
|
| Complexity |
638
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
6
|
| SMILES |
C1[C@H](OC2=C(C1=O)C(=C(C(=C2)O)[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)CO)O)O)O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O
|
| InChi Key |
QKPKGDDHOGIEOO-JVVVWQBKSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H22O10/c22-7-14-17(26)19(28)20(29)21(31-14)16-11(25)6-13-15(18(16)27)10(24)5-12(30-13)8-1-3-9(23)4-2-8/h1-4,6,12,14,17,19-23,25-29H,5,7H2/t12-,14+,17+,19-,20+,21-/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3021 mL | 11.5104 mL | 23.0208 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4604 mL | 2.3021 mL | 4.6042 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2302 mL | 1.1510 mL | 2.3021 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
