| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE does not have a specific pharmacological target. As a phospholipid, it is a structural component of biological membranes and is used in the formation of liposomes, membrane fusion studies, and reconstitution of membrane proteins. Due to its ability to adopt non-bilayer phases, POPE is valuable for investigating lipid polymorphism and vesicle dynamics. It can enhance the endosomal escape ability of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and improve the cellular delivery efficiency of nucleic acid drugs such as mRNA.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE is used as a phospholipid component in liposome and lipid nanoparticle formulations. It can enhance the endosomal escape ability of LNPs and improve the cellular delivery efficiency of nucleic acid drugs such as mRNA. It is widely used in membrane fusion studies and reconstitution of membrane proteins. POPE's ability to adopt non-bilayer phases is valuable for investigating lipid polymorphism and vesicle dynamics.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE is used as a component of lipid-based drug delivery systems, including liposomes and lipid nanoparticles. These formulations can improve the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of encapsulated drugs or nucleic acids. POPE's ability to enhance endosomal escape can improve the intracellular delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics such as mRNA. However, the phospholipid itself is not a therapeutic agent but rather an excipient in drug delivery formulations.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays are not applicable for 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE, as it is a structural lipid rather than a bioactive compound. However, its interactions with membrane proteins can be studied using techniques such as surface plasmon resonance, lipid bilayer model systems, or fluorescence spectroscopy. The lipid's ability to form non-bilayer phases and its effects on membrane protein function can be assessed using biophysical methods.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE involve its use as a component of liposomes or lipid nanoparticles for drug delivery studies. Cells are treated with lipid nanoparticles containing POPE and a therapeutic payload (e.g., mRNA, siRNA, or small molecule drug). Cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, endosomal escape, and therapeutic efficacy are assessed. Cytotoxicity of the lipid formulation is evaluated using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays. Standard cell culture protocols with appropriate cell lines (e.g., HEK293, HeLa, or primary cells) are employed.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE involve its use as a component of lipid-based drug delivery systems. Animals are administered liposomal or LNP formulations containing POPE and a therapeutic payload via various routes (intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous). Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and therapeutic efficacy are assessed. Toxicity of the lipid formulation is evaluated through clinical signs, body weight, clinical pathology, and histopathology. Standard protocols for LNP or liposome evaluation are employed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE as a free lipid are not typically characterized, as it is used as a formulation excipient rather than a therapeutic agent. When administered as part of a lipid nanoparticle or liposome, the lipid components are cleared by the liver and spleen and metabolized by phospholipases. The fatty acid components (palmitic acid and oleic acid) are utilized for energy or incorporated into cellular membranes. No specific PK data are available.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE has been evaluated as part of lipid nanoparticle formulations. Phospholipids are generally well-tolerated and have low toxicity. At high doses, lipid nanoparticle components may cause immune responses, complement activation, or hepatotoxicity. The specific toxicity of POPE depends on the formulation and the presence of other lipid components. Standard toxicology assessments include acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies in rodents.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
1-Hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate ethanolamine is a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate ethanolamine, wherein the 1-acyl and 2-acyl groups are designated as hexadecanoyl (palmitoyl) and 9Z-octadecenoyl (oleoyl), respectively. It is a mouse metabolite functionally associated with hexadecanoic acid and oleic acid. It is a zwitterionic tautomer of 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate ethanolamine. PE (16:0/18:1(9Z)) is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli (K12 strain, MG1655 strain). 1-Palmyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate ethanolamine has been reported in trypanosomes, and relevant data are available.
1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE (1,2-POPE) is a phospholipid found in biological membranes, particularly in E. coli. It has the molecular formula C39H76NO8P and a molecular weight of 718.00. POPE is used in liposome formation, membrane fusion studies, reconstitution of membrane proteins, and as a component of lipid nanoparticles for drug delivery. It can enhance endosomal escape and improve nucleic acid delivery efficiency. POPE is not a therapeutic agent but an excipient used in research and drug delivery applications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C39H76NO8P
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
718.00
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| Exact Mass |
717.531
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| CAS # |
26662-94-2
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| PubChem CID |
5283496
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Melting Point |
24.7 °C (lit.)
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| LogP |
11.752
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
9
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
40
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| Heavy Atom Count |
49
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| Complexity |
825
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(=O)(O)OCCN)OC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC
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| InChi Key |
FHQVHHIBKUMWTI-OTMQOFQLSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C39H76NO8P/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-18-20-22-24-26-28-30-32-39(42)48-37(36-47-49(43,44)46-34-33-40)35-45-38(41)31-29-27-25-23-21-19-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h17-18,37H,3-16,19-36,40H2,1-2H3,(H,43,44)/b18-17-/t37-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(2R)-1-[2-aminoethoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-3-hexadecanoyloxypropan-2-yl] (Z)-octadec-9-enoate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
Methanol: ~2.5 mg/mL (~3.5 mM; with ultrasonication and warming by heating to 60°C)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.3928 mL | 6.9638 mL | 13.9276 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2786 mL | 1.3928 mL | 2.7855 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1393 mL | 0.6964 mL | 1.3928 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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