| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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| Targets |
- NF-κB (inhibited in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, no specific IC50 reported) [3]
- TNF-α and IL-6 (reduced secretion in vitro, no specific EC50 reported) [3] |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
- In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, Sinomenine N-oxide (10-50 μM) dose-dependently reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (by 35-60%) and IL-6 (by 40-65%) as measured by ELISA. Western blot analysis showed decreased phosphorylation of p65 (NF-κB subunit) and IκBα, indicating inhibition of NF-κB activation [3]
- The compound (20-100 μM) inhibited LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells ( Griess assay), with ~50% inhibition at 50 μM, suggesting suppression of iNOS activity [3] LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-α levels in Raw264.7 cells are inhibited by Sinomenine N-oxide (10-200 μM, 2-hour exposure) [3]. |
| ln Vivo |
- In LPS-induced acute inflammation mice, Sinomenine N-oxide (20-80 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) reduced serum levels of TNF-α (by 40-70%) and IL-6 (by 35-60%) compared to the model group. It also alleviated LPS-induced liver and kidney pathological damage, as observed by H&E staining [3]
- In a mouse model of carrageenan-induced paw edema, Sinomenine N-oxide (50 mg/kg, oral administration) decreased paw volume by 30% at 4 hours post-administration, indicating anti-inflammatory activity [3] |
| Cell Assay |
- RAW264.7 macrophages were seeded in 6-well plates and pre-treated with Sinomenine N-oxide (10-50 μM) for 1 hour, then stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 hours. Culture supernatants were collected to measure TNF-α and IL-6 levels by ELISA. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blot to detect p-p65, p-IκBα, and iNOS expression [3]
- NO production assay: RAW264.7 cells were treated with Sinomenine N-oxide (20-100 μM) and LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 hours. NO concentration in supernatants was determined using the Griess reagent, with absorbance measured at 540 nm [3] |
| Animal Protocol |
- LPS-induced inflammation model: Male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (10 mg/kg) to induce systemic inflammation. Sinomenine N-oxide (20-80 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before LPS injection. Serum and tissues were collected 6 hours later for cytokine detection and histopathological analysis [3]
- Carrageenan-induced paw edema model: Mice received Sinomenine N-oxide (50 mg/kg) via oral gavage 1 hour before subplantar injection of carrageenan (1%). Paw volume was measured using a plethysmometer at 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours post-carrageenan injection [3] |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
- Sinomenine N-oxide is a major metabolite of sinomenine, formed via hepatic oxidation. In rat liver microsomes, it was metabolized to sinomenine via reduction, with a half-life of ~2.5 hours [3]
- After oral administration in rats, it was rapidly absorbed, with peak plasma concentration at 1.5 hours, and primarily excreted via urine (65%) and feces (25%) within 48 hours [3] |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No significant acute toxicity was observed in mice at doses up to 200 mg/kg (intraperitoneal). Serum ALT and AST levels remained unchanged, indicating no obvious hepatotoxicity [3]
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
- Sinomenine N-oxide is a naturally occurring N-oxide alkaloid isolated from the stems of Sinomenium acutum, and also a major metabolite of sinomenine in vivo [2][3]
- Its anti-inflammatory mechanism involves inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators [3] |
| Molecular Formula |
C19H23NO5
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
345.39
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| Exact Mass |
345.158
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| CAS # |
1000026-77-6
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| PubChem CID |
163355498
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| LogP |
1.989
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
607
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
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| SMILES |
C[N+]1(CC[C@@]23CC(=O)C(=C[C@H]2[C@@H]1CC4=C3C(=C(C=C4)OC)O)OC)[O-]
|
| InChi Key |
IQCNMIIBBLJCAC-XMPQHNGSSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H23NO5/c1-20(23)7-6-19-10-14(21)16(25-3)9-12(19)13(20)8-11-4-5-15(24-2)18(22)17(11)19/h4-5,9,12-13,22H,6-8,10H2,1-3H3/t12-,13-,19+,20?/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(1R,9S,10R)-3-hydroxy-4,12-dimethoxy-17-methyl-17-oxido-17-azoniatetracyclo[7.5.3.01,10.02,7]heptadeca-2(7),3,5,11-tetraen-13-one
|
| Synonyms |
Sinomenine N-oxide; 1000026-77-6; AKOS040763805; TS-10193; (1R,9S,10R)-3-hydroxy-4,12-dimethoxy-17-methyl-17-oxido-17-azoniatetracyclo[7.5.3.01,10.02,7]heptadeca-2(7),3,5,11-tetraen-13-one
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8953 mL | 14.4764 mL | 28.9528 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5791 mL | 2.8953 mL | 5.7906 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2895 mL | 1.4476 mL | 2.8953 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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