| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
- NF-κB (inhibited in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, no specific IC50 reported) [3]
- TNF-α and IL-6 (reduced secretion in vitro, no specific EC50 reported) [3] |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
- In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, Sinomenine N-oxide (10-50 μM) dose-dependently reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (by 35-60%) and IL-6 (by 40-65%) as measured by ELISA. Western blot analysis showed decreased phosphorylation of p65 (NF-κB subunit) and IκBα, indicating inhibition of NF-κB activation [3]
- The compound (20-100 μM) inhibited LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells ( Griess assay), with ~50% inhibition at 50 μM, suggesting suppression of iNOS activity [3] LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-α levels in Raw264.7 cells are inhibited by Sinomenine N-oxide (10-200 μM, 2-hour exposure) [3]. |
| ln Vivo |
- In LPS-induced acute inflammation mice, Sinomenine N-oxide (20-80 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) reduced serum levels of TNF-α (by 40-70%) and IL-6 (by 35-60%) compared to the model group. It also alleviated LPS-induced liver and kidney pathological damage, as observed by H&E staining [3]
- In a mouse model of carrageenan-induced paw edema, Sinomenine N-oxide (50 mg/kg, oral administration) decreased paw volume by 30% at 4 hours post-administration, indicating anti-inflammatory activity [3] |
| Cell Assay |
- RAW264.7 macrophages were seeded in 6-well plates and pre-treated with Sinomenine N-oxide (10-50 μM) for 1 hour, then stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 hours. Culture supernatants were collected to measure TNF-α and IL-6 levels by ELISA. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blot to detect p-p65, p-IκBα, and iNOS expression [3]
- NO production assay: RAW264.7 cells were treated with Sinomenine N-oxide (20-100 μM) and LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 hours. NO concentration in supernatants was determined using the Griess reagent, with absorbance measured at 540 nm [3] |
| Animal Protocol |
- LPS-induced inflammation model: Male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (10 mg/kg) to induce systemic inflammation. Sinomenine N-oxide (20-80 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before LPS injection. Serum and tissues were collected 6 hours later for cytokine detection and histopathological analysis [3]
- Carrageenan-induced paw edema model: Mice received Sinomenine N-oxide (50 mg/kg) via oral gavage 1 hour before subplantar injection of carrageenan (1%). Paw volume was measured using a plethysmometer at 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours post-carrageenan injection [3] |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
N-oxide of sinomenine is the main metabolite of sinomenine, which is generated by liver oxidation. In rat liver microsomes, it is reduced to sinomenine with a half-life of about 2.5 hours [3]. After oral administration to rats, sinomenine is rapidly absorbed, with peak plasma concentrations reached in 1.5 hours, and excreted mainly in urine (65%) and feces (25%) within 48 hours [3].
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
In mice, no significant acute toxicity was observed at intraperitoneal injection doses up to 200 mg/kg. Serum ALT and AST levels remained unchanged, indicating no significant hepatotoxicity.[3]
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
- Sinomenine N-oxide is a natural N-oxide alkaloid isolated from the stem of Sinomenium acutum, and is also the main metabolite of sinomenine in vivo [2][3]
- Its anti-inflammatory mechanism involves inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators [3] |
| Molecular Formula |
C19H23NO5
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
345.39
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| Exact Mass |
345.158
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| CAS # |
1000026-77-6
|
| PubChem CID |
163355498
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
1.989
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
25
|
| Complexity |
607
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
|
| SMILES |
C[N+]1(CC[C@@]23CC(=O)C(=C[C@H]2[C@@H]1CC4=C3C(=C(C=C4)OC)O)OC)[O-]
|
| InChi Key |
IQCNMIIBBLJCAC-XMPQHNGSSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H23NO5/c1-20(23)7-6-19-10-14(21)16(25-3)9-12(19)13(20)8-11-4-5-15(24-2)18(22)17(11)19/h4-5,9,12-13,22H,6-8,10H2,1-3H3/t12-,13-,19+,20?/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(1R,9S,10R)-3-hydroxy-4,12-dimethoxy-17-methyl-17-oxido-17-azoniatetracyclo[7.5.3.01,10.02,7]heptadeca-2(7),3,5,11-tetraen-13-one
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| Synonyms |
Sinomenine N-oxide; 1000026-77-6; AKOS040763805; TS-10193; (1R,9S,10R)-3-hydroxy-4,12-dimethoxy-17-methyl-17-oxido-17-azoniatetracyclo[7.5.3.01,10.02,7]heptadeca-2(7),3,5,11-tetraen-13-one
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: ≥ 100 mg/mL (~289.5 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix well; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 and mix well; finally add 450 μL of physiological saline and adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD saline and mix well. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8953 mL | 14.4764 mL | 28.9528 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5791 mL | 2.8953 mL | 5.7906 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2895 mL | 1.4476 mL | 2.8953 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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