| ln Vitro |
The median HC5 of γ-cypermethrin for invertebrates was 0.47 ng/L, the median HC5 for fish was 23.7 ng/L, and the no-observed-effect concentration (NOECcommunity) at the community level was 5 ng/L[1].
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|---|---|
| ln Vivo |
γ-Cypermethrin (0.05% formulation, 362 g/92.9 m²; single application) reduced the number of host-seeking tick nymphs in the ecological ecotone of residential lawns by 89-97.6%, with the effect lasting up to 4 weeks after treatment [2]. γ-Cypermethrin (0.0938-4 mg/kg; oral; single administration) dose-dependently reduced spontaneous activity and induced salivation in male Long-Evans rats [3].
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models:Nymphal Stage [2]
Doses: 0.05% γ-cypermethrin, 362 g/92.9 m² (equivalent to 292.5 mg of active ingredient per 150 m² plot) Route of Administration: Topical application; single dose Experimental Results: One week after application, the density of Ixodes scapulae nymphs decreased by 97.7% in Eau Claire County and by 97.4% in Sok County. Three weeks after application, the density of Ixodes scapulae nymphs decreased by 91.5% in Eau Claire County and by 89.5% in four weeks. Two weeks after application, the density of Ixodes scapulae nymphs decreased by 90.9% in Sok County and by 97.6% in three weeks. Following treatment, the proportion of houses with at least one nymph tick found ranged from 4.2% (Eau Claire County, Week 1) to 29.2% (Eau Claire County, Week 3), compared to 50% to 81.5% in the placebo group. After adjusting for plot characteristics and study area, the treatment group reduced the probability of detecting nymph ticks by 0.04 times and 0.09 times that of the placebo group in Weeks 1 and 3, respectively. Animal/Disease Models:Long-Evans rats (male, 63-67 days old, 331.1-361.7 g) [3] Doses: 0.0938 mg/kg, 0.188 mg/kg, 0.375 mg/kg, 0.75 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg; other experimental doses: 0.3 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg Route of Administration: Oral; single dose Experimental Results: Compared with the control group, at doses ≥0.75 mg/kg, there was a statistically significant decrease in motor activity count. The ED50 for the decrease in motor activity was 1.29 mg/kg. At the baseline dose (BMD) of 0.256 mg/kg, the activity level decreased by 1 standard deviation. The incidence of saliva secretion induced at a dose of 0.75 mg/kg was 13%, 17% at 1 mg/kg, 69% at 1.5 mg/kg, 92% at 2 mg/kg, and 100% at both 3 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg. Motor activity decreased by 50% at plasma concentrations of 486.1 ng/mL and brain tissue concentrations of 13.37 ng/g. A significant positive linear correlation existed between brain tissue and plasma concentrations, with both tissue concentrations significantly correlated with decreased motor activity. |
| References |
|
| Molecular Formula |
C23H19CLF3NO3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
449.85
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| CAS # |
76703-62-3
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
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| SMILES |
C(=C(/C(F)(F)F)\Cl)\[C@H]1[C@@H](C(O[C@H](C#N)C2=CC(OC3=CC=CC=C3)=CC=C2)=O)C1(C)C
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2230 mL | 11.1148 mL | 22.2296 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4446 mL | 2.2230 mL | 4.4459 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2223 mL | 1.1115 mL | 2.2230 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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