| Size | Price | |
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| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| ln Vivo |
AQP4 (201-220) can be used to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models [1][2][3][4]. Induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis [1][2][3][4] Background: AQP4 (201-220) can break immune tolerance and activate specific T cells. AQP4 (201-220) specific T cells migrate to the AQP4-high expression region in the central nervous system (CNS), directly killing AQP4+ astrocytes or activating glial cells, thereby inducing autoimmune inflammatory damage. Specific modeling method 1. Mice: C57BL/6J, Aqp4⁻/⁻ Mouse administration route: AQP4 (201-220) 200 μg • Subcutaneous injection (tail base of mouse) • Single administration Note: (1) AQP4 (201-220) needs to be emulsified with Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) containing 250/500 μg of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra to form a 200 μL emulsion before administration. (2) At the same time as administration, pertussis toxin (200 ng per mouse) is injected intravenously, and the administration is repeated the next day. Clinical scoring for modeling indicators: 0 points: no disease symptoms; 1 point: loss of tail tone (tail drooping, no voluntary movement); 2 points: impaired rolling ability (unable to roll from supine to prone position); 3 points: paraplegia of both hind limbs (hind limbs unable to support weight, dragging when walking); 4 points: quadriplegia (loss of motor function in both forelimbs and hind limbs); 5 points: near-death state (no voluntary movement, weak breathing). Clinical symptoms begin to appear about 11 days after immunization (mostly 1 or 2 points), peak at about 18 days (mostly 2-3 points), and enter the recovery period at 30 days (score decreases); if the clinical score is ≥1 point, it indicates successful modeling. Histological analysis: scattered or focal inflammatory lesions are present in the gray-white matter junction; inflammatory lesions are present in the midline region of the diencephalon (near the third ventricle) and around the fourth ventricle; inflammatory infiltration is present in the inner retina, accompanied by loss of retinal ganglion cells. Cytological analysis: Significant infiltration of CD45+ immune cells and CD4+ T cells was observed in the central nervous system (brain, spinal cord, retina), with an increased number of Iba-1 and GAFP-positive cells in the lesion area. Molecular changes: Decreased AQP4 expression; increased expression of IFN-γ, IL-17, CXCL10, and CCL20.
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| References |
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| Molecular Formula |
C97H143N27O27S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
2151.40
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| CAS # |
2104700-59-4
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| Sequence |
His-Leu-Phe-Ala-Ile-Asn-Tyr-Thr-Gly-Ala-Ser-Met-Asn-Pro-Ala-Arg-Ser-Phe-Gly-ProHLFAINYTGASMNPARSFGP
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| SequenceShortening |
HLFAINYTGASMNPARSFGP
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
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| SMILES |
O=C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)C(N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(NCC(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CCSC)C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N3[C@@H](CCC3)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CC4=CC=CC=C4)C(NCC(N5[C@@H](CCC5)C(O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)[C@H](CC6=CNC=N6)N
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.4648 mL | 2.3241 mL | 4.6481 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.0930 mL | 0.4648 mL | 0.9296 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0465 mL | 0.2324 mL | 0.4648 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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