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2-(1-Methylethyl)phenyl diphenyl phosphate

2-(1-Methylethyl)phenyl diphenyl phosphate is a flame retardant.
2-(1-Methylethyl)phenyl diphenyl phosphate
2-(1-Methylethyl)phenyl diphenyl phosphate Chemical Structure CAS No.: 64532-94-1
Product category: Biochemical Assay Reagents
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Product Description
2-(1-Methylethyl)phenyl diphenyl phosphate is a flame retardant.
2-(1-Methylethyl)phenyl diphenyl phosphate (CAS 64532-94-1) is a triaryl phosphate ester flame retardant and plasticizer. Its molecular formula is C21H21O4P, with a molecular weight of 368.36 g/mol. It is also known as Isopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate (IPPDP). It is commonly used as an additive in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and other polymers to improve fire resistance. In research, it is used as an analytical reference standard for environmental monitoring of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) in soil, water, and biota. It is not a pharmaceutical drug; it is an industrial chemical and potential environmental pollutant.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
Targets
Not applicable. 2-(1-Methylethyl)phenyl diphenyl phosphate is a flame retardant. It does not have a specific biological receptor target for therapeutic purposes. In environmental toxicology, it is studied as an endocrine disruptor. It may bind weakly to the estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR), but with very low potency (IC50 > 50 uM). It is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase at very high concentrations, but this is not its target. Its primary function is chemical (flame retardant).
ln Vitro
In vitro, this compound is used as an analytical standard (HPLC, GC-MS) for the detection of flame retardants. For cytotoxicity screening (e.g., HepG2 cells), the IC50 is typically >50 uM (MTT assay). It may induce oxidative stress at high concentrations. It is not used in enzyme activity assays for drug discovery.
ln Vivo
In vivo, this compound is not a drug. It is not used for therapeutic efficacy. It is studied as an environmental contaminant. In a 28-day oral study in rats (100 mg/kg/day), it may cause slight body weight loss and liver vacuolation. It is used to study the bioaccumulation of OPFRs.
Enzyme Assay
General protocol for in vitro analytical use: For GC-MS analysis, extract water or soil samples with dichloromethane. Prepare calibration standards in hexane (0.1-10 ug/mL). Inject 1 uL into a DB-5 column (30 m). Oven program: 80degC to 300degC. Use EI-MS detection (SIM mode, m/z 251, 326, 367). For LC-MS/MS, use a C18 column with water:acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid), positive ion mode, m/z 369 → 251. The compound is stored at 2-8degC.
Cell Assay
General protocol for in vitro cell-based experiments: For androgen receptor antagonism, use MDA-kb2 cells. Treat with 1 nM DHT and varying concentrations of the compound (1-100 uM). 2-(1-Methylethyl)phenyl diphenyl phosphate may inhibit 30-50% of DHT-induced luciferase activity at 100 uM (weak antagonist).
Animal Protocol
General protocol for in vivo animal experiments: For a toxicology study, administer the compound (100 mg/kg, oral, daily) to rats for 28 days. Monitor weight and liver enzymes. The compound may induce CYP2B/2E1 activity (based on literature for similar OPFRs).
ADME/Pharmacokinetics
General pharmacokinetic properties: This is a lipophilic liquid (LogP ~4.5, MW 368.36). It is stable in water. It is metabolized by CYP450 to hydroxylated metabolites. For storage, keep at room temperature in a sealed container.
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics
General toxicity profile: It is an irritant. It is toxic to aquatic life. The oral LD50 in rats is >2000 mg/kg. Standard safety precautions for organophosphates (gloves, lab coat) should be used.
Additional Infomation
This compound is a component of commercial flame retardant mixtures (e.g., isopropylated triphenyl phosphate, IPTPP). It is for research use only.
These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C21H21O4P
Molecular Weight
368.36
CAS #
64532-94-1
Appearance
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
Solubility (In Vivo)
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

Injection Formulations
(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC)
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution 50 μL Tween 80 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO 100 μLPEG300 200 μL castor oil 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10: 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol 100 μL Cremophor 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)


Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders


Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.7147 mL 13.5737 mL 27.1474 mL
5 mM 0.5429 mL 2.7147 mL 5.4295 mL
10 mM 0.2715 mL 1.3574 mL 2.7147 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

  • Calculate the Mass of a compound required to prepare a solution of known volume and concentration
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An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
  • Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
  • Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
  • Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:
  • To calculate molar mass of a chemical compound, please enter the chemical/molecular formula and click the “Calculate’ button.
Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
  • Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
  • Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.
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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

  • Enter the mass of the reagent and the desired reconstitution concentration as well as the correct units
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box
In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

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