| Targets |
TMTT does not have a biological target in mammals. Its activity is ecological, not pharmacological. In insects, it may act as a repellent, interacting with olfactory receptors or ion channels in the antennae. For plants, it functions as a signaling molecule that activates defense gene expression. In a research context, TMTT is used as a standard for gas chromatography‑mass spectrometry (GC‑MS) analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It does not interact with common mammalian drug targets.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
There are no direct in vitro biological activity data for TMTT against mammalian cells. It is not used in cell viability assays. At high concentrations, it may be cytotoxic due to its lipophilic nature, but this is not studied. It is not an inhibitor of common drug targets. Its activity is measured in insect behavioral assays (e.g., olfactometer) where it acts as a repellent or attractant for parasitoid wasps. As a reference standard, it is used to validate the identity and purity of TMTT in plant volatile extracts by GC‑MS.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, TMTT is not used as a therapeutic. It is used in insect feeding assays to study repellency. For example, in a tobacco budworm (Helicoverpa virescens) feeding assay, TMTT applied to leaf surfaces reduces larval feeding. It is also used to attract the parasitic wasp Cotesia marginiventris, which is a natural enemy of caterpillar pests. Therefore, TMTT has a role in biological control of agricultural pests. It is not administered to animals or humans.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
General in vitro analytical protocol (GC‑MS): Prepare a 1 mg/mL stock solution of TMTT in hexane. Dilute to 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 ug/mL for calibration standards. Inject 1 uL onto a GC‑MS system equipped with a non‑polar column (e.g., DB‑5, 30 m×0.25 mm). GC conditions: initial temperature 40degC, hold 1 min; ramp at 5degC/min to 250degC; hold 5 min. The mass spectrometer is operated in EI mode at 70 eV. TMTT has a retention time of approximately 15‑18 min. Monitor characteristic ions: m/z 119, 120, 218 (M+). This method is used to quantify TMTT emissions from plants.
|
| Cell Assay |
General in vitro olfactometer assay for insect attraction: Connect two glass chambers to a Y‑tube olfactometer. Place filter paper treated with TMTT (10 uL of a 100 ug/mL solution in hexane) in one chamber and solvent‑only in the other. Release a female parasitic wasp (e.g., Cotesia marginiventris) into the Y‑tube. Record the time spent in each arm and the number of wasps choosing each arm over a 10 min period. TMTT will attract the wasps (significantly more wasps choose the TMTT arm). For insect repellency, place TMTT on a leaf disc and present to a caterpillar; reduced feeding time indicates repellency.
|
| Animal Protocol |
General in vivo plant volatile induction protocol: Grow Arabidopsis or maize plants (n=5 per treatment). Expose plants to caterpillar feeding (e.g., Spodoptera exigua) for 24 h. Trap VOCs on SPME fiber (PDMS/DVB fiber, exposure time 30‑60 min). Analyze the trapped VOCs by GC‑MS. Quantify TMTT peak area relative to an internal standard (e.g., n‑decane). TMTT emissions from damaged plants will be significantly higher than from undamaged controls. The data confirm the role of TMTT as a HIPV.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
TMTT is a highly lipophilic, volatile hydrocarbon (logP ~6). It is not soluble in water, only in organic solvents. It is not administered in vivo for ADME studies. Its volatility makes it unsuitable for oral administration. For research use, it is stored as a liquid (or solid depending on temperature) in a sealed vial at ‑20degC. It is stable under inert gas (N2 or Ar) to prevent oxidation.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
TMTT is not considered a toxic substance. It is a natural plant volatile and is generally regarded as safe (GRAS) at the low levels produced by plants. It is not genotoxic. For use as an analytical standard, standard laboratory safety precautions are sufficient. It is flammable; keep away from open flame.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
(E,E)-4,8,12-Trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene is a sesquiterpene with three methyl substituents at positions 4, 8, and 12 (3E,7E-geographical isomer). It is a metabolite. (3E,7E)-4,8,12-Trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene has been reported in capsicum annuum, alfalfa, and other organisms with available data.
Background: (E,E)‑4,8,12‑Trimethyl‑1,3,7,11‑tridecatetraene is a ubiquitous herbivore‑induced plant volatile that plays a key role in tritrophic interactions (plant‑herbivore‑parasitoid). It is a member of the homoterpene family of volatile organic compounds, which are derived from the degradation of larger terpenes. Its emission is triggered by herbivore‑associated elicitors such as volicitin. TMTT is a standard compound for metabolomics and plant science research. It is stored at ‑20degC and is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H26
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
218.38
|
| Exact Mass |
218.203
|
| CAS # |
62235-06-7
|
| PubChem CID |
6443227
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
16
|
| Complexity |
283
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
CC(=CCC/C(=C/CC/C(=C/C=C)/C)/C)C
|
| InChi Key |
CWLVBFJCJXHUCF-RNPYNJAESA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H26/c1-6-9-15(4)12-8-13-16(5)11-7-10-14(2)3/h6,9-10,13H,1,7-8,11-12H2,2-5H3/b15-9+,16-13+
|
| Chemical Name |
(3E,7E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.5792 mL | 22.8959 mL | 45.7917 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9158 mL | 4.5792 mL | 9.1583 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4579 mL | 2.2896 mL | 4.5792 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
