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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
This compound has no biological target; it is a chemical reagent. The methacrylate group reacts via free radical polymerization to form organic polymers. The trimethoxysilyl group undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of water to form silanol groups (Si-OH), which then condense with hydroxyl groups on inorganic substrates (e.g., glass, silica, metals) to form stable covalent siloxane (Si-O-Si) bonds. It is used to develop an effective method for synthesizing magnetite/polymer colloidal composite microspheres with controllable variations in size and shape.
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| ln Vitro |
No direct biological activity. The methacrylate group is used to improve the mechanical properties and adhesion of polymer films to substrates. It is used to synthesize hybrid materials possessing zinc oxide nanoparticles encapsulated in core-shell polymer particles. In materials science, it improves adhesion between organic resins and inorganic fillers. In drug delivery research, it is used to functionalize nanoparticle surfaces for targeted delivery. It is used in organometallic reagents, organosilicon and trialkoxysilanes.
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| ln Vivo |
Not applicable for in vivo activity. The compound is not a drug. It is a surface modifier. If administered systemically (not intended), it would hydrolyze to release methacrylic acid derivatives and silanols, which are irritants and could cause respiratory distress. It is used as a monomer and coupling agent in polymerization reactions. It copolymerizes with other monomers such as styrene or acrylates to produce polymer films with improved mechanical properties and adhesion to various substrates. An in vivo safety study is not relevant for this reagent.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A non-cellular assay involves measuring the coupling efficiency to inorganic particles. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (10 mg) are suspended in ethanol:water (9:1, 10 mL). TMSPMA (0.1-1 mM) is added, and the pH is adjusted to 4-5 with acetic acid. The mixture is stirred at 40degC for 4 hours. Particles are collected by centrifugation, washed, and dried. The grafting density is determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) or FTIR (peak at ~1720 cm-1 for carbonyl group). The hydrolysis of the silane is confirmed by Si-O-Si peak at 1100 cm-1. This protocol quantifies the compound's activity as a coupling agent.
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| Cell Assay |
No standard cell-based assays. For biocompatibility, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are seeded onto glass slides coated with TMSPMA-polymerized films (surface-functionalized slides). Cells are cultured for 3-7 days. Cell adhesion is measured by staining actin (phalloidin-FITC) and nuclei (DAPI). Cell proliferation is measured via EdU incorporation. A higher cell number and spreading on functionalized surfaces vs. non-functionalized glass indicate biocompatibility. Alternatively, MTT assay is used to quantify cell viability. The methacrylate polymer is generally non-toxic; residual monomers may cause mild irritation.
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| Animal Protocol |
A protocol to evaluate TMSPMA-functionalized nanoparticles in vivo: Sprague-Dawley rats receive intravenous injection of TMSPMA-coated fluorescent nanoparticles (e.g., 5 mg/kg in saline, n=6). Blood is drawn at 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 minutes to measure nanoparticle concentration via fluorescence spectroscopy. The animals are euthanized at 24 h, and organs (liver, spleen, kidney) are collected for biodistribution analysis. The compound functions to prevent nanoparticle aggregation and opsonization in the blood. This is a standard pharmacokinetic/biodistribution protocol for nanomedicine research using this coupling agent.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
Small amounts of methacrylates can be rapidly metabolized into alcohols and methacrylic acid via saponification. The latter can form acetyl-CoA derivatives, which then enter normal lipid metabolism pathways. /Methacrylates/ TMSPMA is a liquid with MW 248.35, density 1.045 g/mL, boiling point 190degC, and flash point 92degC. It is soluble in organic solvents. When dissolved in aqueous solution, it undergoes hydrolysis with a half-life of minutes to hours at neutral pH, releasing methanol. It is stored at 2-8degC in a sealed container to prevent premature hydrolysis. The compound is stable in anhydrous conditions. In vivo, it would be metabolized by hydrolysis and oxidation. The product is for research use only. It is miscible with many common organic solvents. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Non-Human Toxicity Values
The oral LD50 in rats was 23.5 g/kg. The compound is classified as an irritant (GHS07). Hazard statements: H315 (Causes skin irritation), H319 (Causes serious eye irritation), H335 (May cause respiratory irritation). Signal word: Warning. The trimethoxysilyl group hydrolyzes to release methanol (toxic). Precautionary statements: P261, P305+P351+P338. Wear gloves, eye protection, and use in a fume hood. It is stable but flammable; keep away from heat and open flames. It is not a drug. It is for research use only. This is the main use of this reagent. |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Structure in the first source
TMSPMA (also known as 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, A174, or KH570) is widely used as an organosilicon compound for surface modification and as a monomer. It serves as a universal coupling agent to polymerize inorganic nanoparticles into organic matrices, improving material properties. In the semiconductor industry, it is used in photoresist formulations. In biomedicine, it is used to coat bone implants to enhance osseointegration and to stabilize drug delivery nanocarriers. It is an essential building block for advanced composite materials. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H20O5SI
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
248.35
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| Exact Mass |
248.108
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| CAS # |
2530-85-0
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| Related CAS # |
52004-97-4
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| PubChem CID |
17318
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid（Density: 1.045 g/cm³）
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| Density |
1.045
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| Boiling Point |
190 ºC
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| Melting Point |
<-50ºC
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| Flash Point |
92 ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.43-1.432
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| LogP |
1.79
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
9
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| Heavy Atom Count |
16
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| Complexity |
229
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(C(=C)C)=O
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| InChi Key |
XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H20O5Si/c1-9(2)10(11)15-7-6-8-16(12-3,13-4)14-5/h1,6-8H2,2-5H3
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| Chemical Name |
3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate
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| Synonyms |
3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate; [3-(Methacryloyloxy)propyl]trimethoxysilane
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~2 mg/mL (~8.05 mM; with ultrasonication (<60°C))
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0266 mL | 20.1329 mL | 40.2658 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8053 mL | 4.0266 mL | 8.0532 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4027 mL | 2.0133 mL | 4.0266 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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