| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
This compound targets lipid-binding proteins and enzymes that interact with diacylglycerol (DAG), including: (1) PKC isoforms (conventional and novel) which bind DAG at C1 domains; (2) diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) which phosphorylate DAG to phosphatidic acid; (3) diacylglycerol lipases (DAGLalpha/beta) which hydrolyze DAG to 2-arachidonoylglycerol; and (4) other DAG-binding proteins (Munc13, chimaerins, RasGRPs). The NBD fluorophore allows visualization of DAG localization, transport, and metabolism in live cells.
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| ln Vitro |
In cell-free assays, this compound is used as a substrate for DAG-metabolizing enzymes. For DGK assays, incubate with recombinant DGKalpha or DGKε, ATP, and assay buffer at 37degC for 30-60 min. Stop with chloroform/methanol, separate NBD-labeled phosphatidic acid product by TLC, and quantify by fluorescence scanning. For PKC binding assays, incubate NBD-DAG with PKCdelta C1B domain and measure fluorescence anisotropy or FRET to determine binding affinity.
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| Cell Assay |
For live-cell imaging, cells (e.g., HeLa, HEK293, primary neurons) are seeded on coverslips or glass-bottom dishes. Add 1-10 uM NBD-DAG (from DMSO stock, final DMSO ≤0.1%) and incubate for 15-60 min at 37degC. Wash twice with PBS, then image using confocal microscopy (ex 488 nm, em 520-540 nm). Localization to plasma membrane, Golgi apparatus, and lipid droplets can be observed. For metabolism studies, treat cells with pharmacological inhibitors (e.g., DGK inhibitor R59949, DAGL inhibitor tetrahydrolipstatin) before probe addition. For flow cytometry, treat cells with 1-10 uM NBD-DAG for 30-60 min, trypsinize, wash, resuspend in FACS buffer, analyze in FITC channel.
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| Animal Protocol |
No specific in vivo animal studies reported. Primarily used for ex vivo labeling of tissues or for in vivo imaging at low doses. For ex vivo experiments, incubate tissue sections (e.g., brain, liver) with probe (10-50 uM) in PBS for 1-2 h at room temperature, wash, and image by fluorescence microscopy to visualize DAG distribution. For in vivo imaging, inject intravenously (0.5-2 mg/kg) into mice, harvest tissues after 30-60 min for histological analysis. Not standard due to rapid metabolism.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
PK data not available. Cell-permeable and rapidly incorporated into cellular membranes. Expected to be metabolized by lipases and kinases similarly to endogenous DAG, with half-life of minutes to hours depending on cell type. For research, store as powder at -20degC or -80degC, protect from light and moisture. Soluble in DMSO and ethanol. Stock solutions (1-10 mM in DMSO) should be stored in aliquots at -80degC, protected from light to prevent photobleaching. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicity data not available. At imaging concentrations (1-10 uM), not acutely toxic; cell viability (MTT) >90% after 24 h. High concentrations (>50 uM) may cause cytotoxicity due to non-specific membrane disruption. NBD fluorophore has minimal toxicity. Standard safety: use PPE (gloves, lab coat, goggles), avoid inhalation of powder, protect from light. Not intended for human consumption.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
This compound is a research-grade fluorescent probe and not FDA-approved. No approved clinical applications. It is a valuable tool for studying diacylglycerol (DAG) signaling in cell biology, including PKC activation, DGK activity, DAG lipase function, and lipid droplet dynamics. Used to investigate subcellular localization and trafficking of DAG in live cells under various physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer (DAG promotes proliferation), neurodegeneration (DAG regulates synaptic function), and metabolic disease (DAG mediates insulin resistance). NBD fluorophore has good photostability and quantum yield, suitable for time-lapse imaging. Symmetrical decanoyl chains (C10:0) provide uniform acyl chain length and minimize structural heterogeneity. Purity typically >95% by HPLC. For research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C29H46N4O8
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
578.70
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| CAS # |
2309189-98-6
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
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| SMILES |
O(C(CCCCCCCCC)=O)[C@@H](CO)COC(CCCCCCCCCNC1=CC=C(C2C1=NON=2)[N+](=O)[O-])=O
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.7280 mL | 8.6401 mL | 17.2801 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3456 mL | 1.7280 mL | 3.4560 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1728 mL | 0.8640 mL | 1.7280 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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