| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
preQ1 targets the preQ1 riboswitch, a regulatory RNA element that controls gene expression in response to the concentration of preQ1. The riboswitch is an aptamer domain on tRNA that binds preQ1 with high affinity and regulates translation. preQ1 is also a substrate for tRNA transglycosylase, the enzyme that incorporates queuosine into tRNA. As a precursor in queuosine biosynthesis, preQ1 plays a role in tRNA modification and translational regulation.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, preQ1 binds with high affinity to the preQ1 riboswitch aptamer, attenuating protein expression. It is a modified guanine-derived nucleobase and a precursor of queuosine biosynthesis. The compound is used in biochemical studies to investigate riboswitch function, RNA-ligand interactions, and queuosine biosynthesis pathways. Its high affinity for the riboswitch makes it a valuable tool for studying RNA-based gene regulation mechanisms.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, preQ1 is a naturally occurring intermediate in queuosine biosynthesis, a pathway that is present in bacteria and some eukaryotes. Queuosine is a modified nucleoside incorporated into tRNA that plays a role in translational fidelity and stress responses. preQ1 is used in research to study queuosine biosynthesis and its biological functions. However, the compound itself is not used as a therapeutic agent. Its primary applications are in molecular biology and biochemistry research.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro binding assays, the preQ1 riboswitch aptamer is transcribed in vitro and folded in appropriate buffer. preQ1 dihydrochloride is incubated with the aptamer at various concentrations (0.1-1000 nM). Binding affinity is measured using techniques such as isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), or fluorescence anisotropy. Competitive binding assays can be performed to study riboswitch-ligand interactions.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based assays, bacterial or eukaryotic cells are treated with preQ1 dihydrochloride to study its effects on gene expression and queuosine incorporation into tRNA. Cells can be analyzed for queuosine levels in tRNA using LC-MS. Riboswitch-mediated gene regulation can be studied using reporter gene constructs where the riboswitch controls reporter expression. The compound is typically used at concentrations ranging from 0.1-100 µM depending on the assay.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo studies, preQ1 can be administered to bacterial cultures or animal models to study queuosine biosynthesis and its effects on cellular physiology. In bacteria, preQ1 supplementation can affect queuosine incorporation into tRNA and alter translational fidelity. In animals, queuosine deficiency has been associated with various physiological effects, and preQ1 can be used to study these pathways. However, specific in vivo protocols for preQ1 have not been detailed in the available literature.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
preQ1 dihydrochloride is soluble in DMSO and water at 100 mg/mL. Storage is recommended at -20°C for long-term stability. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary use. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for preQ1 dihydrochloride have not been extensively reported, as it is a research reagent rather than a therapeutic agent. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound. It is not intended for human use and is available for research purposes only.
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| Additional Infomation |
preQ1 dihydrochloride is a guanine-derived nucleobase and a precursor of queuosine biosynthesis. It binds with high affinity to the preQ1 riboswitch aptamer, which regulates gene expression. preQ1 is used as a tool to investigate queuosine biosynthesis, riboswitch function, and tRNA modification. It is a research reagent and is not approved for clinical use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C7H9N5O
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
179.17926
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| Exact Mass |
215.057
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| CAS # |
86694-45-3
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| PubChem CID |
136229764
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| Appearance |
White to light brown solid powder
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| LogP |
1.375
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
15
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| Complexity |
264
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
NC1N=C2N=CC(CN)=C2C(=O)N1
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| InChi Key |
WUMBRQKOLVTYTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H9N5O.2ClH/c8-1-3-2-10-5-4(3)6(13)12-7(9)11-5;;/h2H,1,8H2,(H4,9,10,11,12,13);2*1H
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| Chemical Name |
2-amino-5-(aminomethyl)-3,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one;dihydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~495.83 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.5810 mL | 27.9049 mL | 55.8098 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1162 mL | 5.5810 mL | 11.1620 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5581 mL | 2.7905 mL | 5.5810 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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