| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 10mg | |||
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| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Multiple pathways: NF-κB (inhibits phosphorylation of IκBα, reducing nuclear translocation), MAPK (suppresses ERK, JNK, p38 phosphorylation), and PI3K/Akt. It also upregulates Nrf2 and antioxidant enzymes (HO-1, SOD). Its pro-apoptotic effect is mediated by caspase-3 activation and Bax/Bcl-2 imbalance. The triterpenoid core is responsible for membrane interaction and receptor modulation.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, platycoside G1 (10–100 µM) decreases LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells by 40–70%, with IC50 ~25 µM. It inhibits TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in a dose-dependent manner. In cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7, HeLa), it reduces viability with IC50 values 15–30 µM and induces apoptosis, as shown by Annexin V staining and DNA fragmentation. It also scavenges DPPH radicals with IC50 ~30 µM.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, platycoside G1 has been studied in mouse models of asthma and acute lung injury. Oral administration (10–50 mg/kg) reduces airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophil infiltration, and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) in ovalbumin-sensitized mice. In a xenograft model of lung cancer, intraperitoneal injection (20 mg/kg, every other day) significantly suppressed tumor growth (by ~50%) without major toxicity. It also improves survival in septic shock models.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free antioxidant assays: DPPH radical scavenging (mix with ethanolic DPPH, measure absorbance at 517 nm); ABTS cation decolorization. Anti-inflammatory: measure inhibition of COX-2 or iNOS enzymatic activity using commercial kits. For NF-κB, use ELISA-based DNA-binding assay with nuclear extracts. Apoptosis: caspase-3/7 fluorometric substrate cleavage.
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| Cell Assay |
RAW 264.7 macrophages are treated with platycoside G1 (0–100 µM) for 2 h, then LPS (1 µg/mL) for 24 h. Supernatants are collected for NO (Griess), TNF-α, IL-6 (ELISA). Cell lysates are used for Western blotting of iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB, and MAPK. For cancer cells, MTT assay after 48 h treatment, followed by flow cytometry for apoptosis. Hoechst staining visualizes nuclear condensation.
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| Animal Protocol |
For asthma model, BALB/c mice are sensitized with OVA (alum adjuvant) and challenged with OVA aerosol. Platycoside G1 is given orally daily for 7 days before challenge. After final challenge, bronchoalveolar lavage is performed for differential cell counts and cytokine analysis; lung histology assessed. For cancer, nude mice bearing A549 tumors are treated i.p. with compound every other day for 3 weeks; tumor volume and weight recorded.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Molecular formula C64H104O34, MW 1417.5 (approx.). Appearance: white crystalline powder. Solubility: DMSO 100 mg/mL; sparingly soluble in water. Storage: -20°C, protected from light. Purity ≥98%. For in vivo, suspend in 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose or use DMSO/PEG/saline formulation.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No systematic toxicity studies published. In animal studies, doses up to 50 mg/kg orally showed no obvious adverse effects. High doses (>100 mg/kg) may cause gastrointestinal irritation. No genotoxicity reported. As a saponin, it may cause hemolysis if administered intravenously.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Deapioplatycoside E is a triterpenoid saponin, which is a metabolite. Platycoside G1 has been reported in Platycoside grandiflorus, and relevant data have been reported.
Research compound, not approved. It is a major bioactive saponin in Platycodon, and its pharmacological properties support the traditional use of the herb. It is used as a quality marker in herbal extracts. No clinical trials have been conducted. |
| Molecular Formula |
C64H104O34
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1417.4902
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| Exact Mass |
1416.64
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| CAS # |
849758-42-5
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| PubChem CID |
70698289
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
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| Index of Refraction |
1.670
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| LogP |
-1.5
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
21
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
34
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
18
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
98
|
| Complexity |
2750
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
38
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| SMILES |
C[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](CO[C@H]2OC(=O)[C@]34CCC(C[C@H]3C5=CC[C@H]6[C@]([C@@]5(C[C@H]4O)C)(CC[C@@H]7[C@@]6(C[C@@H]([C@@H](C7(CO)CO)O[C@H]8[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O8)CO[C@H]9[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O9)CO[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)(C)C)O)O)O)O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO1)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
UTBMWMLXRNXHHQ-ONYRRNLVSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C64H104O34/c1-23-49(95-54-44(81)35(72)27(69)17-87-54)43(80)48(85)55(91-23)96-50-36(73)28(70)18-88-57(50)98-58(86)64-12-11-59(2,3)13-25(64)24-7-8-32-60(4)14-26(68)51(63(21-66,22-67)33(60)9-10-61(32,5)62(24,6)15-34(64)71)97-56-47(84)42(79)39(76)31(94-56)20-90-53-46(83)41(78)38(75)30(93-53)19-89-52-45(82)40(77)37(74)29(16-65)92-52/h7,23,25-57,65-85H,8-22H2,1-6H3/t23-,25-,26-,27+,28-,29+,30+,31+,32+,33+,34+,35-,36-,37+,38+,39+,40-,41-,42-,43-,44+,45+,46+,47+,48+,49-,50+,51-,52+,53+,54-,55-,56-,57-,60+,61+,62+,64+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-5,11-dihydroxy-9,9-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,12a-pentamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~70.55 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.7055 mL | 3.5274 mL | 7.0547 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1411 mL | 0.7055 mL | 1.4109 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0705 mL | 0.3527 mL | 0.7055 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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