| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Phen Green SK diacetate functions as a fluorogenic metal chelator rather than an enzyme/receptor ligand. The diacetate form is membrane-permeant, allowing loading into live cells. Once inside, esterases remove the acetate groups, yielding the anionic, membrane-impermeant Phen Green SK fluorophore, which then binds to free metal ions. The fluorescence is quenched upon metal ion coordination, providing a functional readout of bioavailable heavy metal pools in living cells.
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| ln Vitro |
Phen Green SK diacetate displays excitation and emission maxima of 507/532 nm (green fluorescence). The indicator reacts with Fe2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cu+, Hg2+, and Pb2+, and fluorescence is quenched upon binding. The compound has been used to quantify iron in biological systems and is compatible with live-cell imaging, flow cytometry, and microplate-based fluorescence assays, enabling real-time monitoring of intracellular metal ion dynamics.
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| ln Vivo |
Phen Green SK diacetate is not used in vivo as a therapeutic agent. Its “in vivo activity” is limited to its role as a research reagent for detecting metal ions in biological samples. For in vivo applications, the compound is used for ex vivo analysis of tissue samples or for intravital imaging in specialized applications, but it is not administered systemically for therapeutic effect.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A cell-free fluorescence assay can be used to characterize metal ion sensitivity. Phen Green SK diacetate (after de-esterification to the active Phen Green SK) is prepared in a metal-free buffer (e.g., 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.2). Varying concentrations of metal ions (e.g., Fe2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+) are added, and the fluorescence intensity (Ex/Em = 507/532 nm) is measured using a fluorescence spectrophotometer or plate reader. The decrease in fluorescence (quenching) is quantified, and binding affinities are calculated.
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| Cell Assay |
A cellular protocol begins with loading cells (e.g., HeLa, neurons, macrophages) with 1-10 uM Phen Green SK diacetate in serum-free medium for 30-60 minutes at 37degC. Cells are then washed and incubated with an additional 30 minutes to allow complete de-esterification. Metal ion influx is induced by adding exogenous metal ions or ionophores, and fluorescence is monitored in real-time using fluorescence microscopy or a plate reader. A decrease in fluorescence indicates metal ion binding.
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| Animal Protocol |
Phen Green SK diacetate is not designed for routine animal efficacy studies. However, for ex vivo applications, animals are administered metal ions or subjected to metal overload conditions, tissues are collected, and cells are dissociated or sectioned, loaded with the probe, and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry to assess tissue metal levels. The compound can also be used in zebrafish models for developmental metal toxicity studies.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The diacetate form is membrane-permeant, while the de-esterified form is membrane-impermeant and trapped inside cells. Due to its intended use as an in vitro fluorescent indicator, specific pharmacokinetic parameters (half-life, bioavailability, etc.) are not applicable. Key properties are solubility in DMSO and spectral characteristics (Ex/Em = 507/532 nm).
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Phen Green SK diacetate is a fluorescent probe and is generally considered non-toxic at standard working concentrations (1-10 uM) for short-term live-cell imaging experiments. Standard laboratory safety practices for handling fluorescent dyes should be followed. It is not intended for therapeutic use, and no toxicological studies are required for its use as a research reagent.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Phen Green SK diacetate is a research-grade chemical tool for detecting and quantifying heavy metals in biological systems, particularly iron and zinc. It is used in neuroscience for studying labile iron pools in neurons, in environmental toxicology for assessing cellular metal uptake, and in cell biology for monitoring metal ion homeostasis. As a fluorescent indicator, it is not a drug candidate and has no clinical trials or approved uses.
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| Molecular Formula |
C37H21CL2N3O8
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
706.483947515488
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| Exact Mass |
705.07
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| CAS # |
234075-45-7
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
867.3±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
478.4±34.3 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.773
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| LogP |
3.75
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| InChi Key |
INOXUAMBIQQWOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C37H21Cl2N3O8/c1-17(43)47-31-15-29-24(13-26(31)38)37(25-14-27(39)32(48-18(2)44)16-30(25)49-29)23-8-7-20(11-22(23)36(46)50-37)35(45)42-28-12-19-5-3-9-40-33(19)34-21(28)6-4-10-41-34/h3-16H,1-2H3,(H,42,45)
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| Chemical Name |
[6'-acetyloxy-2',7'-dichloro-3-oxo-5-(1,10-phenanthrolin-5-ylcarbamoyl)spiro[2-benzofuran-1,9'-xanthene]-3'-yl] acetate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~70.77 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.4155 mL | 7.0773 mL | 14.1547 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2831 mL | 1.4155 mL | 2.8309 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1415 mL | 0.7077 mL | 1.4155 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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