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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Pancreatin's targets are the substrates of its constituent enzymes: proteins, starches, and fats. The proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin) hydrolyze proteins into peptides and amino acids. The amylase hydrolyzes starch into soluble carbohydrates. The lipase hydrolyzes fats into glycerol and fatty acids. By breaking down these macronutrients, Pancreatin aids in their digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.
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| ln Vitro |
The primary digesting enzyme of the pancreas is found in pig pancreas extract (PPE), which is known as pancreatin. The amount of free fatty acids (FFA) titrated by II-LC and IIIA-LC at pH 6.5 increased by 120% and 28%, respectively, when trypsin was increased from 150 USP U/mL to 900 USP U/mL. Additionally, the total lipolysis Degrees II-LC and IIIA-LC increased by 79% and 28%, respectively. The amount of FFA identified at pH 6.5 increased by an average of 55%, while the overall digestion extent of LC-LBF increased by an average of 51% upon increasing the trypsin activity from 150 USPU/mL to 900 USPU/mL. The degree of digestion increases with pancreatic enzyme levels [1].
In vitro, Pancreatin's enzymatic activity is measured by its ability to hydrolyze its substrates. One unit of the enzyme is defined as the amount which releases reducing groups of 1 mg glucose from soluble starch per minute at a specified temperature. It will convert not less than 25 times its weight of potato starch into soluble carbohydrates in 5 minutes in water at 40 °C. Its protease, amylase, and lipase activities are quantified using specific substrates and assays. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Pancreatin is used as an enzyme supplement to replace missing pancreatic enzymes in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. It aids in the digestion of foods, preventing malabsorption and its associated symptoms. It is administered orally, typically with meals. Its efficacy is measured by the improvement in digestive symptoms and nutritional status.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro cell-free assays, the activity of Pancreatin is measured using standard enzyme activity assays. The proteolytic activity is measured using casein or other protein substrates, and the release of amino acids or peptides is quantified. The amylolytic activity is measured using starch as a substrate, and the production of reducing sugars is measured. The lipolytic activity is measured using triglycerides as a substrate, and the release of fatty acids is measured.
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| Cell Assay |
Pancreatin is not typically used in standard cell-based pharmacological assays as a test compound. Its primary application is as an enzyme preparation for digestive purposes. Its effect on cells is not a primary focus of research.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo, the efficacy of Pancreatin is evaluated in animal models of pancreatic insufficiency or in clinical trials. The compound is administered orally, and endpoints include weight gain, improvement in stool fat content, and reduction in symptoms of malabsorption.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pancreatin is a mixture of enzymes with a variable composition. It is a white to tan powder. Its CAS number is 8049-47-6. It is soluble in water. Storage is recommended in a cool, dry place, protected from moisture. Its potency is expressed in activity units, such as USP units.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Pancreatin has low toxicity. It is an enzyme preparation derived from animal sources and is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for its intended use. Allergic reactions are possible in sensitive individuals.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Pancreatin is an FDA-approved drug and dietary supplement for the treatment of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. It is available in various formulations, including tablets and capsules. Its mechanism of action involves the hydrolysis of proteins, starches, and fats. It is used to improve digestion and nutrient absorption in patients with pancreatic insufficiency.
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| Exact Mass |
300.208
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| CAS # |
8049-47-6
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
462.8±14.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
350.6±11.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.556
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| LogP |
6.83
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO :< 1 mg/mL
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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