| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
- O-Phospho-L-serine acts as an inhibitor of phagocytosis, and suppresses Müller glia proliferation and cone cell regeneration in the light-damaged zebrafish retina[3]
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| ln Vitro |
O-Phospho-L-serine (l-SOP) counteracts the effects of L-glutamate by weakly binding to mGluR1. group III receptors (mGluR4, mGluR6, mGluR7, and mGluR8) are activated by l-SOP; however, mGluR7 is less effective for both ligands and has a substantially lower affinity for l-SOP than other group III receptors[1]. In mGluR4-transfected cells, O-phospho-L-serine (l-SOP) increases intracellular calcium responses. With a Ki of 1 mM, l-SOP suppresses the l-glutamate-mediated mGluR1 response; however, l-SOP has a three times higher inhibitory effect on mGluR2 activation, with a Ki of 1 μM. Changes in the membrane potential of HEK/TRPC4 cells transfected with mGluR4 or mGluR6 were triggered by l-SOP. Gαi/o protein-mediated activation of TRPC4β is induced by l-SOP[2]. Müller glial cell proliferation is inhibited by O-phospho-L-serine (L-SOP), although light-induced photoreceptor cell death is unaffected. In the retina injured by light, L-SOP inhibits Müller glial cell growth either concurrently or following the activation of ascl1a and stat3 expression. In retinas injured by light, L-SOP prevents the regeneration of cone photoreceptors [3].
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| ln Vivo |
- Suppression of Müller glia proliferation in light-damaged zebrafish retina: Zebrafish were subjected to light damage (2000 lux for 72 hours) to induce retinal injury. Intraperitoneal injection of O-Phospho-L-serine (20 mM, once daily for 5 days) reduced the number of BrdU-positive Müller glia (a marker of cell proliferation) by 65% compared to the vehicle control group (saline injection). Immunohistochemical staining showed a significant decrease in proliferating Müller glia in the inner nuclear layer of the retina[3]
- Inhibition of cone cell regeneration in light-damaged zebrafish retina: O-Phospho-L-serine (20 mM, intraperitoneal injection, 5 days) reduced the regeneration of cone cells in light-damaged zebrafish retina. The number of cone cells labeled with cone-specific markers (e.g., zpr1) was decreased by 58% compared to the vehicle control group, indicating impaired retinal regenerative capacity[3] |
| Cell Assay |
- Immunohistochemical assay for Müller glia proliferation: Zebrafish retinas were isolated 5 days after O-Phospho-L-serine treatment, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, and embedded in paraffin. Sections (5 μm thick) were deparaffinized, rehydrated, and incubated with primary antibodies against BrdU (proliferation marker) and glutamine synthetase (Müller glia marker) overnight at 4°C. After washing, sections were incubated with fluorescent secondary antibodies, and stained cells were visualized under a fluorescence microscope. BrdU-positive Müller glia were counted in 5 random fields per section, and the average number was compared between groups[3]
- Immunohistochemical assay for cone cell regeneration: Retinal sections were prepared as described above, and incubated with primary antibody against zpr1 (cone cell-specific marker) overnight at 4°C. Fluorescent secondary antibody was added, and zpr1-positive cone cells were counted in the outer nuclear layer. The number of cone cells per unit area was calculated and compared between the O-Phospho-L-serine-treated group and control group[3] |
| Animal Protocol |
- Light-damaged zebrafish retina model: Adult wild-type zebrafish (6–8 months old) were maintained in a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle. For light damage induction, zebrafish were exposed to 2000 lux white light continuously for 72 hours. After light exposure, zebrafish were randomly divided into two groups (n=10/group): 1) Control group: intraperitoneal injection of sterile saline (10 μL/fish) once daily for 5 days; 2) O-Phospho-L-serine group: intraperitoneal injection of O-Phospho-L-serine (20 mM, dissolved in sterile saline, 10 μL/fish) once daily for 5 days. On day 6, zebrafish were sacrificed, and retinas were isolated for immunohistochemical analysis[3]
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
O-phospho-L-serine is the L-enantiomer of O-phosphoserine. It is an EC 1.4.7.1 [glutamate synthase (ferredoxin)] inhibitor, and also a metabolite in humans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, EC 2.5.1.49 (O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase), EC 4.3.1.10 (serine sulfate ammonia-lyase), and mice. It is the conjugate acid of O-phosphonate-L-serine (2-). It is the enantiomer of O-phospho-D-serine. Phosphoserine is a phosphate ester of serine. Phosphoserine is a metabolite present in or produced by Escherichia coli (K12 strain, MG1655 strain). Phosphoserine has also been reported in Daphnia davidii, Arabidopsis thaliana, and other organisms with relevant data. Phosphoserine is a derivative of the amino acid serine with its side-chain hydroxyl group replaced by a phosphonyl group. Post-translational phosphorylation of serine residues in proteins or peptides can regulate the progression of various intracellular signal transduction pathways. Monomeric phosphoserine is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of L-serine.
-O-phospho-L-serine is a known inhibitor of phagocytosis, and its effect on zebrafish retinal regeneration suggests a link between phagocytic activity and the proliferation of Müller glial cells (a key cell type for retinal regeneration) [3] |
| Molecular Formula |
C3H8NO6P
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| Molecular Weight |
185.0725
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| Exact Mass |
185.008
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| CAS # |
407-41-0
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| Related CAS # |
O-Phospho-L-serine-13C3,15N;2734706-69-3
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| PubChem CID |
68841
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.8±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
475.4±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
190 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
241.3±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.552
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| LogP |
-1.86
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
11
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| Complexity |
186
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C([C@@H](C(=O)O)N)OP(=O)(O)O
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| InChi Key |
BZQFBWGGLXLEPQ-REOHCLBHSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C3H8NO6P/c4-2(3(5)6)1-10-11(7,8)9/h2H,1,4H2,(H,5,6)(H2,7,8,9)/t2-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-3-phosphonooxypropanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~1 mg/mL (~5.40 mM)
DMSO : ~1 mg/mL (~5.40 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.4034 mL | 27.0168 mL | 54.0336 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0807 mL | 5.4034 mL | 10.8067 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5403 mL | 2.7017 mL | 5.4034 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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