Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline)

Alias: Norepinephrine; Noradrenaline; Noradrenalin; Levarterenol; Levophed Arterenol

Cat No.:V13165 Purity: ≥98%

COA Product Data Instructions for use SDS

Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) is a potent and β1-selective adrenergic receptor agonist with EC50 of 5.37 μM.

Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) Chemical Structure CAS No.: 51-41-2
Product category: Adenosine Receptor

This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.

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Other Forms of Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline):

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Top Publications Citing lnvivochem Products

Nature 2021, 597(7874):119-125.

Cell 2020,183:1202-1218.e25.

Science Adv 2022: 8, eabm9427.

Nature 597, 119–125 (2021)

Cell Stem Cell 2020,26(6):845-861.e12.

Science Trans Med 2023,15(701):eadd7872.

STTT 2023,8(1):91.

Cell Reports 2023,42(4):112313

Science Trans Med 2023, 15: eadd7872.

Cancer Cell 2021,39(4):529-547.e7.

Cancer Discov 2022,12(4):1106-1127.

Immunity 2023,56(3):620-634.e11.

J Am Chem Soc 2022,144:21831-21836.

Cell 2020,183:1202-1218.e25.

Science Adv 2022:8,eabm9427.

Nature 2021,597(7874):119-125.

Cell 2020,183:1202-1218.e25.

PNAS Nexus 2022,1(3):pgac063.

ACS Nano 2023,17(10):9110-9125.

Biomaterial 2023 Sep16:302:122333.

Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Current batch：

Purity: ≥98%

COA

MSDS

Instructions

Product Description
Bioactivity & Protocols
Physicochemical Properties
Solubility Data
Calculators
Clinical Trial Information
Biological Data

Product Description

Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) is a potent and β1-selective adrenergic receptor agonist with EC50 of 5.37 μM. Norepinephrine is an organic compound that belongs to the catecholamine family and is used by the body and brain as a neurotransmitter and hormone. It is a chemical that occurs naturally in the body and functions as a neurotransmitter (a material that transmits signals between nerve cells) as well as a stress hormone. When the brain believes that a stressful event has occurred, it releases this hormone into the bloodstream.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)

Targets	α1-adrenergic receptor; α2-adrenergic receptor; Beta-1 adrenergic receptor; Microbial Metabolite; Human Endogenous Metabolite
ln Vitro	Norepinephrine (NE) is typically thought to be a β2-initiator receptor and an β1-subtype β1-initiator agonist. At lower concentrations, norepinephrine (NE) also exhibits direct activity on β2-initiator receptors [1]. From newborn wild-type C57BL/6J mice, the inguinal fat pad (iWA) or intershoulder fat pad (BA) were separated and cultured. cAMP production in response to co-treatment with norepinephrine (NE, 10 μM) with or without CGP (10 nM) was first measured in order to investigate the impact of activating AT2 on β-primergic signaling. NE, or norepinephrine, raises cAMP. As anticipated in iWA, CGP doesn't change this result. In addition to stimulating heat production and requiring released media for the functional activation of the UCP1 protein, norepinephrine (NE) is also known to cause fat loss.
ln Vivo	Norepinephrine can be utilized to create animal models in animal models.
Cell Assay	Subcutaneous preadipocytes are immortalized with TERT and HPV E6/E7 from a 38-year-old female donor who is not diabetic. To facilitate the current investigations, ring cloning is used to isolate a stable diploid clone (called clone B) with a constant capacity for differentiation. Proadipocyte PGM2 medium is used to cultivate cells. Incubation in differentiation media containing dexamethasone, IBMX, indomethacin, and extra insulin induces differentiation in cells once they are confluent. During ten days, cells differentiate. The media used for treatments is changed to serum-free media overnight after being replaced with PGM2 media for a day. NE (10 μM), CGP (10 nM), vehicle, or NE and CGP are the treatments given to adipocytes for six hours[2].
References	[1]. Adrenergic pharmacology and cognition: focus on the prefrontal cortex. Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Mar;113(3):523-36. [2]. Relative efficacy and potency of beta-adrenoceptor agonists for generating cAMP in human lymphocytes. Chest. 1996 Jan;109(1):194-200. [3]. Suppression of Resting Metabolism by the Angiotensin AT2 Receptor. Cell Rep. 2016 Aug 9;16(6):1548-60. [4]. Binding pathway determines norepinephrine selectivity for the human β 1 AR over β 2 AR. Cell Res. 2021 May;31(5):569-579.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C8H11NO3
Molecular Weight	169.1778
Exact Mass	169.07
Elemental Analysis	C, 56.80; H, 6.55; N, 8.28; O, 28.37
CAS #	51-41-2
Related CAS #	Norepinephrine hydrochloride; 329-56-6; Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate; 108341-18-0; Norepinephrine tartrate; 51-40-1; (Rac)-Norepinephrine-d3 (formate)
Appearance	Solid powder
SMILES	C1=CC(=C(C=C1[C@H](CN)O)O)O
InChi Key	SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C8H11NO3/c9-4-8(12)5-1-2-6(10)7(11)3-5/h1-3,8,10-12H,4,9H2/t8-/m0/s1
Chemical Name	4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]benzene-1,2-diol
Synonyms	Norepinephrine; Noradrenaline; Noradrenalin; Levarterenol; Levophed Arterenol
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)	DMSO: ~25 mg/mL (~147.8 mM) H2O: < 0.1 mg/mL
Solubility (In Vivo)	Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.29 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.29 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.29 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: ~25 mg/mL (~147.8 mM) H2O: < 0.1 mg/mL

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.29 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.29 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

View More

Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.29 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	5.9109 mL	29.5543 mL	59.1086 mL
	5 mM	1.1822 mL	5.9109 mL	11.8217 mL
	10 mM	0.5911 mL	2.9554 mL	5.9109 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Mass

Concentration

Volume

Molecular Weight*

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Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

Calculate the Mass of a compound required to prepare a solution of known volume and concentration
Calculate the Volume of solution required to dissolve a compound of known mass to a desired concentration
Calculate the Concentration of a solution resulting from a known mass of compound in a specific volume

See Example

An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?

Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
Click the “Calculate” button
The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Concentration (Start)

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Concentration (End)

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Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:

Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
Click the “Calculate” button
The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box

Molecular formula

Total molecular weight

g/mol

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Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4 c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:

To calculate molar mass of a chemical compound, please enter the chemical/molecular formula and click the “Calculate’ button.

Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:

Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.

Volume (to add to vial)

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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

Enter the mass of the reagent and the desired reconstitution concentration as well as the correct units
Click the “Calculate” button
The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage mg/kg

Average weight of animals g

Dosing volume per animal μL

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Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)

% DMSO

% Tween 80

% ddH₂O

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Calculation results

Working concentration： mg/mL；

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O，mix and clarify.

Note： (1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Clinical Trial Information

NCT Number	Recruitment	interventions	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT04501861	Active Recruiting	Drug: Norepinephrine Drug: Vasopressin	Cardiac Disease	The Cleveland Clinic	November 5, 2020	Phase 3
NCT04597190	Active Recruiting	Drug: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Behavioral: Written Exposure Therapy	PTSD	University of Washington	April 1, 2021	Phase 4
NCT04060381	Active Recruiting	Drug: Blood transfusion, Ibuprofen, or epinephrine, norepinephrine or dopamine	Newborn Morbidity Maternal Obesity	Haukeland University Hospital	April 4, 2017	N/A
NCT06102382	Not yet recruiting	Drug: Norepinephrine (0.1) Drug: Norepinephrine (0.075)	Hypotension Norepinephrine	Assiut University	December 10, 2023	Not Applicable
NCT06121115	Recruiting	Drug: Norepinephrine	Septic Shock Hypotension and Shock	Region Skane	October 3, 2023	N/A

Biological Data

Norepinephrine (NE) released in the PFC activates different intracellular signaling pathways through distinct adrenoceptors with varying affinities for NE. Pharmacol Ther . 2007 Mar;113(3):523-36.
AT2 activation suppresses norepinephrine induced UCP1 in white adipocytes (iWA). Cell Rep . 2016 Aug 9;16(6):1548-1560.
Metadynamics simulations reveal different norepinephrine entrance pathway in the β1AR and β2AR. Cell Res . 2021 May;31(5):569-579.
Analysis of different residues on the extracellular domain of the receptors that contribute to the different norepinephrine-binding pathway. Cell Res . 2021 May;31(5):569-579.