| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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Norepinephrine hydrochloride is a potent and β1-selective adrenergic receptor agonist with EC50 of 5.37 μM. Norepinephrine is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone and neurotransmitter. It is a naturally occurring chemical in the body that acts as both a stress hormone and neurotransmitter (a substance that sends signals between nerve cells). It's released into the blood as a stress hormone when the brain perceives that a stressful event has occurred.
| ln Vitro |
While β2-norrepinephrine is absorbed, norepinephrine hydrochloride (Levarterenol; L-norepinephrine) is usually regarded as a β1-subtype intermittent agonist. At significant concentrations, norepinephrine hydrochloride (NE) hydrochloride also directly affects β2-primergic absorption [2]. From newborn wild-type C57BL/6J mice, adipocytes were isolated and cultured from the inguinal fat pad (iWA) or the intershoulder fat pad (BA). cAMP production in response to co-treatment with norepinephrine hydrochloride (NE, 10 μM) with or without CGP (10 nM) was first measured in order to investigate the impact of activating AT2 on β-initiergic signaling. Sex activates the UCP1 protein and increases heat production. Norepinephrine Hydrochloride (NE) increases cAMP as expected in iWA; CGP does not change the effect. Norepinephrine Hydrochloride (NE) is also known to induce lipogenesis and requires released nutrients to function. Following therapy, CREB phosphorylation at Ser133 rose and was considerably reduced by concurrent CGP treatment [3].
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| References |
[1]. Brian P Ramos, et al. Adrenergic pharmacology and cognition: focus on the prefrontal cortex. Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Mar;113(3):523-36.
[2]. MacGregor DA, et al. Relative efficacy and potency of beta-adrenoceptor agonists for generating cAMP in human lymphocytes. Chest. 1996 Jan;109(1):194-200. [3]. Littlejohn NK, et al. Suppression of Resting Metabolism by the Angiotensin AT2 Receptor. Cell Rep. 2016 Aug 9;16(6):1548-60. [4]. Xinyu Xu, et al. Binding pathway determines norepinephrine selectivity for the human β 1 AR over β 2 AR. Cell Res. 2021 May;31(5):569-579 |
| Molecular Formula |
C₈H₁₂CLNO₃
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
205.63878
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| CAS # |
329-56-6
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| Related CAS # |
Norepinephrine;51-41-2;Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate;108341-18-0;Norepinephrine tartrate;51-40-1
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| SMILES |
OC1=CC=C([C@@H](O)CN)C=C1O.[H]Cl
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| InChi Key |
FQTFHMSZCSUVEU-QRPNPIFTSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H11NO3.ClH/c9-4-8(12)5-1-2-6(10)7(11)3-5/h1-3,8,10-12H,4,9H21H/t8-/m0./s1
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| Chemical Name |
(R)-4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,2-diol hydrochloride
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| Synonyms |
Levarterenol hydrochloride L-Noradrenaline hydrochloride L-Norepinephrine HCl L-Arterenol hydrochloride L-Arterenol HCl Aktamin hydrochloride
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~250 mg/mL (~1215.72 mM)
DMSO : ~44 mg/mL (~213.97 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 33.33 mg/mL (162.08 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.8629 mL | 24.3143 mL | 48.6287 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9726 mL | 4.8629 mL | 9.7257 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4863 mL | 2.4314 mL | 4.8629 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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