| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
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| Targets |
Brophenexin free base targets the NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction interface. NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors involved in excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. TRPM4 is a Ca2+-activated non-selective cation channel. The interaction between NMDAR and TRPM4 is involved in excitotoxicity, a process that contributes to neuronal death in stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. By inhibiting this interaction, the compound prevents NMDA-induced cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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| ln Vitro |
The interaction between GluN2A and GluN2B with TRPM4 is reduced in a dose-dependent manner by NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 free base (compound 8) (0-10 μM) [1]. NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 free base preserves NMDAR's transcription-promoting activity induced by synaptic activity while blocking the CREB shutdown pathway, ERK1/2 activation, and IEG induction [1].
In vitro, Brophenexin free base prevents NMDA-induced cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal neurons, with an IC50 of 2.1 μM. It shows neuroprotective activity in neuronal cell cultures. The compound inhibits the NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction, thereby reducing excitotoxic damage. It has been studied for its potential in treating brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. However, detailed IC50 values against other targets are not extensively reported. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Brophenexin free base protects mice from MCAO-induced brain damage and NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell loss. These effects demonstrate the compound's neuroprotective activity in animal models of stroke and excitotoxic injury. The compound shows potential for treating conditions involving NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity, such as ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, specific dosing regimens and detailed efficacy data are limited.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 free base are not extensively reported. The compound's activity is typically assessed in functional cellular assays rather than direct binding assays. For TRPM4 channel inhibition, patch-clamp electrophysiology can be used to measure TRPM4 currents in HEK293 cells expressing TRPM4. Cells are voltage-clamped, and currents are elicited by voltage ramps or steps in the presence of intracellular Ca2+. The compound (1-100 μM) is applied extracellularly, and current inhibition is measured.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 free base use primary hippocampal neurons or neuronal cell lines. Cells are cultured in Neurobasal medium with B27 supplement and treated with various concentrations of the compound (typically 0.1-100 μM) for 1-2 hours before NMDA exposure (100 μM, 10 minutes). Cell death is assessed by LDH release or propidium iodide staining 24 hours after NMDA exposure. Mitochondrial dysfunction is assessed by MTT assay or JC-1 staining for mitochondrial membrane potential.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 free base use mouse models of brain injury. In the MCAO (middle cerebral artery occlusion) model, mice undergo transient or permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The compound is administered intraperitoneally at doses of 1-10 mg/kg immediately after reperfusion. Infarct volume is assessed by TTC staining 24 hours after MCAO. In the NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell loss model, NMDA is injected intravitreally, and the compound is administered systemically. Retinal ganglion cell survival is assessed by immunohistochemistry.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 free base are not extensively reported. The compound has a molecular weight of 257.17 and is soluble in DMSO. Specific PK parameters such as oral bioavailability, half-life, and brain penetration are not detailed. As a small molecule, it is expected to have moderate lipophilicity and potential for central nervous system penetration. The compound is typically administered intraperitoneally in animal studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 free base is not extensively reported. As a neuroprotective agent targeting excitotoxicity, it is expected to have a favorable safety profile. The compound is for research use only and not for human therapeutic use. Standard toxicity studies would include acute toxicity in rodents and cytotoxicity assays in neuronal and non-neuronal cell lines. No specific genotoxicity or cardiotoxicity data are reported.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 free base (CAS 1353979-43-7, Brophenexin free base, compound 8) is a potent inhibitor of the NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction interface with an IC50 of 2.1 μM. It shows neuroprotective activity by preventing NMDA-induced cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction. The compound protects mice from MCAO-induced brain damage and NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell loss. It has potential in stroke and neurodegenerative disease research. It is available for research purposes only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C11H17BRN2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
257.170081853867
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| Exact Mass |
256.057
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| CAS # |
1353979-43-7
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| PubChem CID |
66568274
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
300.6±22.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
135.6±22.3 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.564
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| LogP |
2.4
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
14
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| Complexity |
152
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
BrC1=CC=CC(=C1)CN(CC)CCN
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| InChi Key |
XSMDMHAMGOGFLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C11H17BrN2/c1-2-14(7-6-13)9-10-4-3-5-11(12)8-10/h3-5,8H,2,6-7,9,13H2,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
N'-[(3-bromophenyl)methyl]-N'-ethylethane-1,2-diamine
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~388.85 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.8885 mL | 19.4424 mL | 38.8848 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7777 mL | 3.8885 mL | 7.7770 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3888 mL | 1.9442 mL | 3.8885 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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