| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 10mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
NBD-PE is a fluorescent lipid probe that integrates into cellular membranes. It does not have a traditional pharmacological target but rather serves as a tool for studying membrane biophysics. The NBD fluorophore is environment-sensitive, with fluorescence properties that change based on the local lipid environment. By incorporating into membranes, NBD-PE enables studies of lipid organization, membrane dynamics, lipid trafficking, and membrane fusion events.
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| ln Vitro |
Advice (This is our suggested protocol, which should be adjusted to suit your particular circumstances as it simply offers guidance). The assay for phospholipid transfer activity [3]: 1. 2 mg of mitochondrial protein, 0.02 μmol NBD-PE, 0.5 mmol Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, and 0-200 μg of pH 5.l-supernatant protein are present in the reaction mixture. 2. Sample should be gently stirred for one hour at 37°C in the incubator. 3. To halt the reaction, place the sample in a cold bath for ten minutes and centrifuge it at 15,000 g for five minutes. 4. Measure the absorbance (460 nm) and relative fluorescence at 535 nm (excitation at 465 nm) after pouring out the supernatant and letting the mixture return to room temperature. 5. To account for potential interactions between NBD-PE and exchange protein, run a blank containing only NBD-PE and exchange protein at the same time. 6. The difference between the absorbance or relative fluorescence in the supernatant fractions with and without exchange proteins was used to calculate the % exchange of NBD-PE.
In vitro, NBD-PE is used as a fluorescent probe to study lipid organization and dynamics within cell membranes. It can be used to investigate membrane fusion by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The probe's green fluorescence (Ex=463-465 nm, Em=535-536 nm) is suitable for fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy applications. It is also used in liposome studies to investigate cellular membrane interactions, endocytosis, and other membrane-related phenomena. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, NBD-PE is primarily used in ex vivo applications for studying membrane dynamics in isolated cells or tissues. It can be incorporated into cell membranes for imaging and tracking studies. The probe's use in live animals is limited due to potential toxicity and clearance issues. However, it can be used in zebrafish or other model organisms for studying membrane dynamics in developmental biology. Its primary applications are in vitro for biophysical and cell biological studies.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For membrane labeling experiments, NBD-PE is typically dissolved in methanol or chloroform and added to lipid mixtures or cell suspensions. For liposome studies, NBD-PE is incorporated into lipid vesicles at 0.5-2 mol% of total lipid. For cell labeling, cells are incubated with NBD-PE-containing liposomes or with NBD-PE in complex with BSA for 30-60 minutes at 37°C. Labeled cells are washed and imaged by fluorescence microscopy or analyzed by flow cytometry.
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| Cell Assay |
For FRET-based membrane fusion assays, membranes are labeled with NBD-PE (donor) and a suitable acceptor fluorophore (such as rhodamine-PE). Fusion of labeled membranes results in dilution of the fluorophores and changes in FRET efficiency. Fluorescence is measured over time at appropriate excitation and emission wavelengths. The assay can be performed using liposomes or in cell-based fusion systems. For lipid trafficking studies, cells are labeled with NBD-PE and the distribution of the probe is followed over time by fluorescence microscopy.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo applications, NBD-PE can be injected into zebrafish embryos or other small organisms to label membranes for imaging studies. Alternatively, cells labeled with NBD-PE can be transplanted into animals for tracking studies. Tissue sections can also be stained with NBD-PE for histological analysis of membrane structures. However, the probe is not typically administered systemically to mammals for in vivo imaging.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
NBD-PE is soluble in methanol and other organic solvents. The compound should be protected from light during handling and storage to prevent photobleaching. Storage is recommended at -20°C for long-term stability. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary use. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for NBD-PE have not been extensively reported, as it is a fluorescent lipid probe rather than a therapeutic agent. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound. It is not intended for human use and is available for research purposes only.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
NBD-PE is a cell-permeable, green-fluorescent phospholipid probe for studying membrane lipid mixing, lipid sorting and trafficking, and bilayer-to-hexagonal phase transitions (Ex/Em: 465/535 nm or 463/536 nm). It is used to study lipid organization and dynamics within cell membranes. NBD-PE is a research tool for membrane biology and is not approved for clinical use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C43H75N4O11P.C6H15N
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
956.24
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| Exact Mass |
955.637
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| CAS # |
178119-00-1
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| PubChem CID |
165412512
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| Appearance |
Brown to black solid powder
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| LogP |
14.038
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
15
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
44
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| Heavy Atom Count |
66
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| Complexity |
1160
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(=O)(O)OCCNC1=CC=C(C2=NON=C12)[N+](=O)[O-])OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.CCN(CC)CC
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| InChi Key |
LEJHDNAGUHKMLR-GKEJWYBXSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C43H75N4O11P.C6H15N/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-21-23-25-27-29-40(48)54-35-37(57-41(49)30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2)36-56-59(52,53)55-34-33-44-38-31-32-39(47(50)51)43-42(38)45-58-46-43;1-4-7(5-2)6-3/h31-32,37,44H,3-30,33-36H2,1-2H3,(H,52,53);4-6H2,1-3H3/t37-;/m1./s1
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| Chemical Name |
N,N-diethylethanamine;[(2R)-2-hexadecanoyloxy-3-[hydroxy-[2-[(4-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-7-yl)amino]ethoxy]phosphoryl]oxypropyl] hexadecanoate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.0458 mL | 5.2288 mL | 10.4576 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2092 mL | 1.0458 mL | 2.0915 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1046 mL | 0.5229 mL | 1.0458 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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