| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Targets |
Natural flavonoid
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| ln Vitro |
A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection for the determination of labile monomeric aluminium has been developed through pre-column complexation using morin as the analytical reagent. The highly fluorescent aluminium-morin complex (excitation wavelength 418 nm, emission wavelength 490 nm) was separated on a Spherisorb ODS 2 column with an eluent consisting of 30% methanol and 70% water (pH 1.0 with perchloric acid). The most remarkable point of this protocol was that only the most toxic aluminium species, that is, free aqua-aluminium ion and its monomeric hydroxo complex ions, selectively respond among various aluminium complexes. This strategy has been successfully applied to direct fractionation of the toxic aluminium in natural waters and biological samples without any pretreatment.[2]
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| ln Vivo |
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with potential antioxidant activity via multiple reduction capacities. Oxidation of cellular lipids has been implicated in many diseases. Consequently, this study has assessed the ability of several dietary flavonoid aglycones to suppress lipid peroxidation of hepatic microsomes derived from rats deficient in the major lipid soluble antioxidant, dα-tocopherol. Antioxidant effectiveness was galangin > quercetin > kaempferol > fisetin > myricetin > morin > catechin > apigenin. However, none of the flavonoids were as effective as dα-tocopherol, particularly at the lowest concentrations used. In addition, there appears to be an important distinction between the in vitro antioxidant effectiveness of flavonoids and their ability to suppress indices of oxidation in vivo. Compared with dα-tocopherol, repletion of vitamin E deficient rats with quercetin, kaempferol, or myricetin did not significantly affect indices of lipid peroxidation and tissue damage. Direct antioxidant effect of flavonoids in vivo was not apparent probably due to low bioavailability although indirect redox effects through stimulation of the antioxidant response element cannot be excluded.[1]
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| Enzyme Assay |
Mindray Perfect Plus 400 was used to measure the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum. The results were given in units of U/L.
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| Cell Assay |
MTT cell proliferation assay[3]
Morin’s effect on the proliferation of HCT116 and CT26 was determined using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-YI)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) based colorimetric assay. Wells were seeded with 5000 cells/well and allowed to grow overnight. Cells were treated with different concentrations of morin (50 μM,100 μM,150 μM, 200 μM, and 400 μM) and incubated for 48 h. After the incubation time, MTT reagent was added and incubated in the incubator for 4 h. Later DMSO is added to dissolve the formazan crystals and incubated in dark for 30 min, absorbance at 570 nm is measured. Colony formation assay[3] HCT116 and CT26 cells (500 cells/well) were seeded on a 6-well plate and allowed to grow overnight. The next day the plates were treated with IC50 concentration of morin for respective cell lines. After 48 h of incubation, the medium was changed and incubated for 10 days. Colonies were fixed with 10% formalin and stained with 1% crystal violet in 10% ethanol. Images were documented and colonies were counted using ImageJ software and graphs were plotted using GraphPad Prism. Wound healing assay[3] For wound healing assay, 1 × 105 cells were seeded in each well of a 6-well plate and cultured until it reaches 75–80% confluency. A wound was made using a 100 μl pipette tip, washed the detached cells with PBS, and cells were overlayed with reduced serum medium. Images were captured at 0 h, 24 h, and 48 h, the wound area was quantitatively measured using ImageJ software. |
| Animal Protocol |
35 male Wistar albino rats (weighing between 280 and 300 g, 11–12 weeks old) were separated into five groups of 7 male rats each at random:[4]
Control group: The animals received 0.9% saline via oral gavage for 10 days and a single intraperitoneal injection of saline on day 5 only. Morin group: The animals were given 100 mg/kg morin hydrate orally for 10 days and intraperitoneal saline injection was given on the 5th day of the experiment. MTX group: The animals were administered saline orally for 10 days and on the 5th day of the experiment, a single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX was injected intraperitoneally. MTX + Morin 50 group: Rats were given 50 mg/kg morin hydrate orally for 10 days and a single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX was injected intraperitoneally on the 5th day of the experiment. MTX + Morin 100 group: Rats were given 100 mg/kg morin hydrate orally for 10 days and a single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX was injected intraperitoneally on the 5th day of the experiment. Following day, the rats were sacrificed under mild sevoflurane anesthesia. Blood serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000×g for 10 min, and the serum samples were then tested for liver function analysis. Livers were immediately removed and washed with ice-cold physiological saline solution for biochemical and molecular analysis and then stored at -20 °C. Mol Biol Rep. 2023 Apr;50(4):3479-3488. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
Morin has known human metabolites that include (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 555 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY); BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS; LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie., 123(395), 1960 [PMID:13796312]
Adverse Effects Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Morin is a pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5. It has a role as an antioxidant, a metabolite, an antihypertensive agent, a hepatoprotective agent, a neuroprotective agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antineoplastic agent, an antibacterial agent, an EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor and an angiogenesis modulating agent. It is a pentahydroxyflavone and a 7-hydroxyflavonol.
Morin has been reported in Maclura pomifera, Petasites formosanus, and other organisms with data available.
See also: Maclurin (annotation moved to).
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with potential antioxidant activity via multiple reduction capacities. Oxidation of cellular lipids has been implicated in many diseases. Consequently, this study has assessed the ability of several dietary flavonoid aglycones to suppress lipid peroxidation of hepatic microsomes derived from rats deficient in the major lipid soluble antioxidant, dα-tocopherol. Antioxidant effectiveness was galangin > quercetin > kaempferol > fisetin > myricetin > morin > catechin > apigenin. However, none of the flavonoids were as effective as dα-tocopherol, particularly at the lowest concentrations used. In addition, there appears to be an important distinction between the in vitro antioxidant effectiveness of flavonoids and their ability to suppress indices of oxidation in vivo. Compared with dα-tocopherol, repletion of vitamin E deficient rats with quercetin, kaempferol, or myricetin did not significantly affect indices of lipid peroxidation and tissue damage. Direct antioxidant effect of flavonoids in vivo was not apparent probably due to low bioavailability although indirect redox effects through stimulation of the antioxidant response element cannot be excluded.[1] |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H12O8
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
320.250985145569
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| Exact Mass |
320.053
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| CAS # |
6202-27-3
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| Related CAS # |
Morin;480-16-0; 654055-01-3 (hydrate)
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| PubChem CID |
16219651
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| LogP |
1.923
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
488
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C1=CC(=C(C=C1O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O.O
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| InChi Key |
MYUBTSPIIFYCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H10O7.H2O/c16-6-1-2-8(9(18)3-6)15-14(21)13(20)12-10(19)4-7(17)5-11(12)22-15;/h1-5,16-19,21H;1H2
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| Chemical Name |
2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one;hydrate
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| Synonyms |
Morin hydrate; 654055-01-3; 6202-27-3; Morin (monohydrate); 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one hydrate; MFCD00217054; 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one;hydrate; Morin Hydrate (>85% purity);
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.1226 mL | 15.6128 mL | 31.2256 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6245 mL | 3.1226 mL | 6.2451 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3123 mL | 1.5613 mL | 3.1226 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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