| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10g |
|
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| Other Sizes |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Metaldehyde are readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and may exist in the form of acetaldehyde polymer fragments of varying sizes… These substances readily cross the blood-brain barrier, as evidenced by their effects on level of consciousness. Metaldehyde were detected in the plasma and urine of dogs following a single oral dose of 600 mg/kg. The excretion of Metaldehyde in urine was less than 1% of the dose. Metabolism/Metabolites Metaldehyde are slowly hydrolyzed to acetaldehyde in acidic solutions (e.g., the stomach). Acetaldehyde is subsequently oxidized to acetic acid. Acetaldehyde was not detected in the plasma and urine of dogs treated with formaldehyde. Following ingestion of approximately 100 to 150 mg/kg of formaldehyde, serum formaldehyde concentration peaked at 35 hours (120 μg/mL), and urinary formaldehyde concentration peaked at 14 hours (53 μg/mL). Serum acetaldehyde concentration was below 1.0 μg/mL. Formaldehyde can be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, skin, or lungs. In acidic solutions (such as the stomach), formaldehyde slowly hydrolyzes to acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is then oxidized to acetic acid. (L1787) Biological Half-Life The amount of formaldehyde excreted in urine is less than 1% of the dose…the elimination half-life is 27 hours. |
|---|---|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity Summary
In metallic aldehyde poisoning, the toxic active substance is primarily its degradation product, acetaldehyde; other toxic products may also be generated. Acetaldehyde can act as a releasing factor for serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NA). It can also competitively inhibit the oxidation of biogenic amines, thereby reducing the level of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), a metabolite of 5-HT, through competitive inhibition of 5-HT oxidation. Acetaldehyde can also increase the activity of monoamine oxidases and decrease serotonin levels in the central nervous system. (L1782) Toxicity Data LC50 (rat) = 203 mg/m3 LC50 (rat) = 3,140 mg/m3/4hr LD50: 630 mg/kg (oral, rat) (L1782) LD50: 600 mg/kg (oral, dog) (L1782) Interactions In mice, intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg body weight of diazepam or 0.5 mg/kg body weight of clonidine hydrochloride reduced the toxicity of formaldehyde administered orally 20 minutes prior to 100 mg/kg body weight. A dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight of diazepam did not provide protection. Non-human toxicity values Oral LD50 in rats: 283 mg/kg Oral LD50 in rats: 630 mg/kg Single oral LD50 in female rats: 398 mg/kg Dermal LD50 in rats: > 5000 mg/kg For more complete non-human toxicity data on formaldehyde (11 items in total), please visit the HSDB records page. |
| Additional Infomation |
Metaldehyde are white crystalline solids, insoluble in water. They are highly flammable and release irritating gases when burned. Ingestion can lead to poisoning and is a strong irritant to the skin and eyes. They are commonly used in the manufacture of other chemicals. Metaldehyde belong to the tetraoxane class of compounds, specifically 1,3,5,7-tetraoxane, with four methyl groups linked at positions 2, 4, 6, and 8. It is a potent molluscicide and the active ingredient in most slug control pills used for crop protection. It can be used as both a molluscicide and a fuel. Metaldehyde are cyclic tetramers of acetaldehyde and are commonly used as insecticides to kill slugs, snails, and other gastropods. Metallic aldehyde poisoning can cause central nervous system depression and liver and kidney damage. (L1782) Mechanism of Action The toxic active substance in metallic aldehyde poisoning is primarily its degradation product, acetaldehyde, which is formed in the low pH environment of the stomach. Other toxic byproducts may also be generated. Acetaldehyde can act as a releasing factor for serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NA). It can also competitively inhibit the oxidation of biogenic amines, thereby reducing the level of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), a metabolite of 5-HT, by competitively inhibiting the oxidation of 5-HT. Acetaldehyde can also increase the activity of monoamine oxidase and reduce serotonin levels in the central nervous system…
Its insecticidal effect is due to contact with the feet of mollusks, causing them to become lethargic and increase mucus secretion, ultimately leading to dehydration. |
| Molecular Formula |
C8H16O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
176.21
|
| Exact Mass |
176.104
|
| CAS # |
108-62-3
|
| Related CAS # |
Metaldehyde-d16;1219805-73-8
|
| PubChem CID |
61021
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
194.3±25.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
246 °C
|
| Flash Point |
71.1±30.0 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.6±0.4 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.386
|
| LogP |
1.14
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
12
|
| Complexity |
91
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
GKKDCARASOJPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H16O4/c1-5-9-6(2)11-8(4)12-7(3)10-5/h5-8H,1-4H3
|
| Chemical Name |
2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-1,3,5,7-tetraoxocane
|
| Synonyms |
AI3 15376; AI3-15376; Metaldehyde
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~1.82 mg/mL (~10.33 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.6750 mL | 28.3752 mL | 56.7505 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1350 mL | 5.6750 mL | 11.3501 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5675 mL | 2.8375 mL | 5.6750 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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