| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Phosphorylase B is the primary target of Maltoheptaose, which acts as an activator of this enzyme. Additionally, it targets phospholipases and interacts with enzymes such as α-amylase, β-amylase, and amyloglucosidase through transglycosylation processes. The compound's interaction with these enzymes facilitates the preparation of specialized carbohydrate phosphates for biochemical research applications.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Maltoheptaose modifies the DMNPB photoprotective group, which enhances the resistance of self-assembled monolayers to nonspecific protein adsorption. It inhibits nonspecific cell adhesion in cell culture systems, demonstrating its utility in surface modification and biomaterial applications. The compound does not exhibit activity at B2 receptors in vitro, confirming its specificity for carbohydrate-related enzymatic pathways. These properties make it valuable for studying carbohydrate-protein interactions and surface chemistry.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Maltoheptaose reduces mechanical hypernociception in a mouse model of neuropathic pain, indicating potential analgesic properties. It is metabolically stable in vivo, which supports its use in animal studies. The compound's ability to modulate pain responses suggests possible applications in pain research, although the precise mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Further studies are needed to explore its therapeutic potential in neurological conditions.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for Maltoheptaose typically involve incubating the compound with target enzymes such as phosphorylase B or amylases in buffered solutions at physiological pH. The binding affinity and activation kinetics are measured using spectrophotometric methods that monitor substrate conversion or product formation. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) can be employed to assess binding to immobilized receptors. Assays are performed in triplicate at varying compound concentrations to determine kinetic parameters such as Km and Vmax. Appropriate controls including buffer blanks and reference compounds are included to ensure assay reliability and reproducibility.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Maltoheptaose involve culturing appropriate cell lines (e.g., fibroblasts or epithelial cells) in standard media supplemented with fetal bovine serum. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of Maltoheptaose (typically 0-1000 µM) for 24-72 hours. Cell adhesion and proliferation are assessed using colorimetric assays such as MTT or CCK-8. For protein adsorption studies, self-assembled monolayers are prepared on gold surfaces and incubated with Maltoheptaose-modified substrates. Nonspecific protein binding is quantified using fluorescence-labeled proteins or ELISA-based detection methods. All experiments include untreated controls and are performed in triplicate.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with Maltoheptaose are conducted using mouse models of neuropathic pain, such as the chronic constriction injury model. The compound is administered via intraperitoneal or intravenous injection at doses ranging from 1-50 mg/kg. Mechanical hypernociception is assessed using von Frey filaments to measure paw withdrawal thresholds before and after treatment. Behavioral tests are performed at multiple time points post-administration (e.g., 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 24 hours). Each treatment group consists of 6-10 animals, with vehicle-treated and sham-operated groups serving as controls. Data are analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Maltoheptaose indicate that it is metabolically stable, with limited systemic degradation following administration. As a carbohydrate oligomer, it is expected to have low oral bioavailability due to poor intestinal absorption and rapid gastrointestinal metabolism. Following parenteral administration, the compound likely distributes primarily in the extracellular space with a relatively short half-life. Elimination occurs predominantly through renal excretion as intact oligosaccharide or via hepatic metabolism. Detailed PK parameters such as Cmax, Tmax, AUC, and half-life require further characterization in preclinical species.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Maltoheptaose are limited, but the compound is generally considered to have low toxicity based on its carbohydrate structure. No significant acute toxicity has been reported in animal studies at doses up to 50 mg/kg. The compound does not exhibit activity at B2 receptors, suggesting a low risk of receptor-mediated toxicities. Long-term toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity studies have not been extensively conducted. As with all research chemicals, appropriate safety precautions should be taken during handling, and the compound should be used only for in vitro and animal research purposes.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
α-D-Glcp-(1->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1->4)-D-Glcp is a maltoheptaose composed of six α-D-glucose residues and one D-glucose residue linked by a (1->4) glycosidic bond. Maltoheptaose is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli strains K12 and MG1655. See also: Maltoheptaose (note moved to).
Maltoheptaose is primarily used as a research tool in carbohydrate biochemistry and enzymology. Its role as a phosphorylase B activator makes it valuable for studying glycogen metabolism and carbohydrate phosphorylation pathways. The compound has applications in surface chemistry for modifying biomaterial surfaces to reduce protein adsorption and cell adhesion. It is not approved for clinical use and is intended for research purposes only. Further investigation into its analgesic properties in neuropathic pain models may reveal additional therapeutic applications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C42H72O36
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1152.9995
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| Exact Mass |
1152.38
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| CAS # |
34620-78-5
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| Related CAS # |
Maltoheptaose hydrate;331748-09-5
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| PubChem CID |
13908996
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.85g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1492.7ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
220-222°C
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| Flash Point |
424.2ºC
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| LogP |
-15.5
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
23
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
36
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
19
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| Heavy Atom Count |
78
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| Complexity |
1820
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
34
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| SMILES |
C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O1)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]2O)O)O[C@@H]3[C@H](O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]4O)O)O[C@@H]5[C@H](O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]5O)O)O[C@@H]6[C@H](O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]6O)O)O[C@@H]7[C@H](OC([C@@H]([C@H]7O)O)O)CO)CO)CO)CO)CO)CO)O)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
BNABBHGYYMZMOA-QJBBZCPBSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C42H72O36/c43-1-8-15(50)16(51)24(59)37(67-8)74-31-10(3-45)69-39(26(61)18(31)53)76-33-12(5-47)71-41(28(63)20(33)55)78-35-14(7-49)72-42(29(64)22(35)57)77-34-13(6-48)70-40(27(62)21(34)56)75-32-11(4-46)68-38(25(60)19(32)54)73-30-9(2-44)66-36(65)23(58)17(30)52/h8-65H,1-7H2/t8-,9-,10-,11-,12-,13-,14-,15-,16+,17-,18-,19-,20-,21-,22-,23-,24-,25-,26-,27-,28-,29-,30-,31-,32-,33-,34-,35-,36?,37-,38-,39-,40-,41-,42-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ≥ 250 mg/mL (~216.83 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.8673 mL | 4.3365 mL | 8.6730 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1735 mL | 0.8673 mL | 1.7346 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0867 mL | 0.4337 mL | 0.8673 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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