| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Magnesium L-Threonate targets the TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway. The magnesium ion acts as a cofactor for numerous enzymatic reactions in the body, including those involved in protein and fatty acid synthesis, vitamin B activation, blood coagulation, insulin secretion, and ATP generation. It also enhances immune function by upregulating NKG2D expression on cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, magnesium L-threonate functions primarily as a magnesium supplement in cell culture systems. Magnesium is an essential cofactor for many enzymes and is required for cellular metabolism. The L-threonate component is a vitamin C metabolite. The compound's in vitro effects are largely attributed to the biological functions of magnesium ions in cellular processes, including ATP-dependent reactions and signal transduction.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, magnesium L-threonate (910 mg/kg/day in drinking water) reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, ameliorates neuroinflammation, and improves cognitive functions and depressive-like behaviors in mouse OVX/aging models. It increases brain magnesium concentration and inhibits TNF-α/NF-κB signaling. Oral administration has been shown to improve cognitive indexes in novel object recognition and Y-maze tests.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cellular enzyme/receptor binding assays are not typically performed for magnesium L-threonate as it is a nutritional supplement rather than a targeted enzyme inhibitor. The compound's activity is assessed through magnesium ion concentration measurements using atomic absorption spectroscopy or ion-selective electrodes. These assays quantify magnesium levels in solutions to confirm the compound's magnesium content and solubility.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular experiments with magnesium L-threonate generally involve supplementing cell culture media with the compound to study the effects of magnesium on cellular functions. Cells are cultured in media containing varying concentrations of the compound, and parameters such as cell viability, proliferation, and signaling pathway activation (e.g., NF-κB) are assessed. Magnesium levels in cells and media can be measured to confirm supplementation.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies typically use mouse models. In the OVX/aging mouse model, magnesium L-threonate is administered at 910 mg/kg/day in drinking water. Efficacy is evaluated through behavioral tests including the novel object recognition test, Y-maze test, forced swimming test, and tail suspension test. Mechanical hyperalgesia is assessed by paw withdrawal threshold measurements. Neuroinflammation markers are analyzed in brain tissues.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
After oral administration, magnesium L-threonate is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It has been shown to increase magnesium concentration in cerebrospinal fluid more significantly than other forms of magnesium. The compound is distributed to various tissues, including the brain. Magnesium is excreted primarily through the kidneys. The L-threonate component is metabolized as a vitamin C derivative.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Magnesium L-threonate is generally recognized as safe for use as a nutritional supplement. It is well-tolerated at recommended doses. Excessive magnesium intake can cause gastrointestinal effects such as diarrhea and abdominal cramping. In animal studies, the compound has been administered at doses up to 910 mg/kg/day without significant adverse effects reported.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Magnesium L-threonate is a nutritional supplement containing magnesium (Mg) in the form of L-threonate, which can be used to regulate magnesium levels in the body. After ingestion, magnesium is used by the body for various biochemical functions and reactions, including: bone and muscle function, protein and fatty acid synthesis, B vitamin activation, blood clotting, insulin secretion, and ATP production. Magnesium also acts as a catalyst for many enzymes in the body. Furthermore, magnesium can enhance the expression of the natural killer activation receptor NKG2D on cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby improving immune system function. This enhances their antiviral and antitumor cytotoxic effects.
See also: ... See more... Magnesium L-threonate is a nutritional supplement developed to address magnesium deficiency and improve cognitive function. It is one of few magnesium compounds purported to effectively cross the blood-brain barrier. Clinical research has focused on its potential benefits for Alzheimer's disease and neuroinflammatory conditions. This product is for research purposes only and not for human therapeutic or nutritional use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C8H14MGO10
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
294.4958
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| Exact Mass |
294.043
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| CAS # |
778571-57-6
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| PubChem CID |
45489777
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
95.6
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
C([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O)O.C([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O)O.[Mg+2]
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| InChi Key |
YVJOHOWNFPQSPP-BALCVSAKSA-L
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/2C4H8O5.Mg/c2*5-1-2(6)3(7)4(8)9;/h2*2-3,5-7H,1H2,(H,8,9);/q;;+2/p-2/t2*2-,3+;/m00./s1
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| Chemical Name |
magnesium;(2R,3S)-2,3,4-trihydroxybutanoate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~3.33 mg/mL (~11.31 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.3956 mL | 16.9779 mL | 33.9559 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6791 mL | 3.3956 mL | 6.7912 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3396 mL | 1.6978 mL | 3.3956 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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