| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Magainin 1 targets bacterial and fungal cell membranes. The main target is the lipid matrix of the membranes. Magainin 1 interacts with acidic lipids through electrostatic interactions followed by hydrophobic interactions to form an amphiphilic helix, inducing membrane leakage. It also exhibits inhibitory effects on herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2.
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| ln Vitro |
Magainin 1 generates amphipathic helices through hydrophobic contacts and electrostatic interactions with acidic lipids, causing leakage. Calcium ions leak out of negatively charged vesicles when Magainin 1 is present. According to the Langmuir isotherm, the peptide binds with a binding constant of 3.8×105 M-1 and a binding site number of 0.10 per lipid molecule to bovine brain phosphatidylserine sonicated vesicles [2].
In vitro, Magainin 1 kills bacteria by permeabilizing cell membranes without exhibiting significant toxicity against mammalian cells. It induces leakage of calcein specifically out of negatively-charged vesicles. The peptide binds to bovine brain phosphatidylserine sonicated vesicles with a binding constant of 3.8×10⁵ M-¹ and a binding-site number of 0.10 per lipid molecule. Magainin 2 has higher antimicrobial activity than Magainin 1. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Magainin 1 has been studied for its antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities in animal models. It exhibits inhibitory action against HSV-1 and HSV-2. The peptide's ability to disrupt microbial membranes without harming mammalian cells makes it a promising candidate for antimicrobial therapy. However, in vivo efficacy is limited by peptide stability and bioavailability.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro membrane binding assays for Magainin 1 are performed using synthetic lipid vesicles (liposomes) composed of negatively-charged phospholipids (e.g., phosphatidylserine). The peptide is incubated with calcein-loaded vesicles, and membrane disruption is measured by fluorescence release at 520 nm. Binding affinity is determined by fitting calcein release data to the Langmuir isotherm.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Magainin 1 are conducted using bacterial cultures (both Gram-negative and Gram-positive) and mammalian cell lines. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) are determined by broth microdilution following CLSI guidelines. Bacterial killing kinetics are assessed by time-kill assays. Mammalian cell cytotoxicity is evaluated using hemolysis assays or MTT assays on human cell lines.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Magainin 1 are conducted in mouse models of infection. The peptide is administered via intraperitoneal, intravenous, or topical routes at doses ranging from 1-20 mg/kg. Efficacy endpoints include survival rate, bacterial load in target organs (determined by CFU counts), and histopathological assessment of infection sites. Pharmacodynamic markers include measurement of inflammatory cytokines and tissue damage.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for Magainin 1 indicate that as a peptide, it has a short half-life in circulation due to rapid enzymatic degradation and renal clearance. Oral bioavailability is negligible; parenteral administration is required for systemic effects. The peptide is formulated in appropriate buffers for in vivo administration. Stability is a key consideration, and lyophilized powder is recommended for long-term storage.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Magainin 1 show that the peptide does not exhibit significant toxicity against mammalian cells at concentrations that are effective against microbes. Hemolytic activity is low, and no severe adverse effects have been reported in animal studies at therapeutic doses. The peptide is for research use only and not for human therapeutic applications.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
According to reports, Magaiin 1 exists in the African clawed frog, and there is relevant data.
Magainin 1 is a research-use peptide not approved for clinical therapeutic applications. It is widely used as a model antimicrobial peptide for studying membrane-active mechanisms, host defense peptides, and the development of novel antimicrobial agents. The peptide is also valuable for studying the innate immune system and the structure-function relationships of antimicrobial peptides. |
| Molecular Formula |
C112H177N29O28S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
2409.84628
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| Exact Mass |
2408.3
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| CAS # |
108433-99-4
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| Related CAS # |
Magainin 1 TFA
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| PubChem CID |
16132169
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
4.968
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
32
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
35
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
84
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| Heavy Atom Count |
170
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| Complexity |
5000
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
20
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| SMILES |
CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CN=CN2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC4=CC=CC=C4)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)O)NC(=O)CN
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| InChi Key |
OFIZOVDANLLTQD-ZVNXOKPXSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C112H177N29O28S/c1-12-65(7)93(139-86(144)54-117)110(166)122-59-89(147)128-75(39-25-29-46-115)100(156)135-81(51-70-33-19-15-20-34-70)105(161)133-79(49-63(3)4)104(160)136-83(53-72-55-118-62-123-72)106(162)137-84(60-142)108(164)124-67(9)95(151)119-56-87(145)127-74(38-24-28-45-114)99(155)134-80(50-69-31-17-14-18-32-69)97(153)120-57-88(146)126-73(37-23-27-44-113)98(154)125-68(10)96(152)132-82(52-71-35-21-16-22-36-71)107(163)140-92(64(5)6)109(165)121-58-90(148)129-77(41-42-91(149)150)103(159)141-94(66(8)13-2)111(167)131-78(43-48-170-11)102(158)130-76(40-26-30-47-116)101(157)138-85(61-143)112(168)169/h14-22,31-36,55,62-68,73-85,92-94,142-143H,12-13,23-30,37-54,56-61,113-117H2,1-11H3,(H,118,123)(H,119,151)(H,120,153)(H,121,165)(H,122,166)(H,124,164)(H,125,154)(H,126,146)(H,127,145)(H,128,147)(H,129,148)(H,130,158)(H,131,167)(H,132,152)(H,133,161)(H,134,155)(H,135,156)(H,136,160)(H,137,162)(H,138,157)(H,139,144)(H,140,163)(H,141,159)(H,149,150)(H,168,169)/t65-,66-,67-,68-,73-,74-,75-,76-,77-,78-,79-,80-,81-,82-,83-,84-,85-,92-,93-,94-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(4S)-4-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[(2-aminoacetyl)amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-5-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(1S)-1-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-4-methylsulfanyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~41.50 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.4150 mL | 2.0748 mL | 4.1496 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.0830 mL | 0.4150 mL | 0.8299 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0415 mL | 0.2075 mL | 0.4150 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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