| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| Targets |
Maclurin targets multiple signaling pathways and enzymes. It inhibits Src, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. It also modulates GSK-3 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Additionally, maclurin activates p38 signaling while inhibiting c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), FAK, and c-Myc signaling in PC3 cells. The compound also suppresses polyphenol oxidase (PPO) through direct binding and inactivation and targets ROS pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
Macurin (10 μM) exhibits neither an inciting nor an inhibiting effect on the proliferation of HeLa-C3 cells [1].
Maclurin effectively protects against hydroxyl radical (OH)-induced damage to DNA and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at concentrations of 62.1-310.5 μM. The protective and antioxidant effects are primarily attributed to ortho-dihydroxyl groups and the relative stability of the ortho-benzoquinone form. Maclurin efficiently scavenges OH, DPPH, and ABTS+ radicals with IC50 values of 122.87 ± 10.14, 10.15 ± 0.85, and 0.97 ± 0.07 μM, respectively, and binds Cu2+ with an IC50 of 133.95 ± 11.92 μM. Maclurin (10 μM) shows no induction of apoptosis or inhibition of cell growth in HeLa-C3 cells. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, maclurin exerts anti-metastatic effects through its anti-oxidative activity and inhibition of the Src/FAK-ERK-β-catenin signaling pathway. It has been shown to effectively protect against oxidative damage in various contexts and can be used in studies related to the prevention of many diseases or MSCs transplantation. Maclurin also suppresses enzymatic browning in potato supernatant, partly through direct binding to and inactivation of PPO, and enhances cellular tyrosinase activity as well as cellular melanin levels.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for maclurin typically involve measuring its antioxidant capacity through free radical scavenging assays such as DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging tests. The compound's ability to bind metal ions such as Cu2+ can also be assessed. For PPO inhibition studies, maclurin is incubated with potato supernatant and enzymatic browning is monitored over time. Binding interactions are evaluated through HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analyses.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for maclurin involve treating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with the compound at concentrations ranging from 62.1 to 310.5 μM, followed by assessment of oxidative damage protection induced by hydroxyl radicals. DNA protection is evaluated at 114.6-382.2 μM. Cell viability and apoptosis are assessed using standard assays such as MTT or flow cytometry. Maclurin (10 μM) shows no induction of apoptosis or inhibition of cell growth in HeLa-C3 cells.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for maclurin typically involve administration to rodent models to assess its anti-metastatic and protective effects. The compound can be administered orally or intraperitoneally. Efficacy is evaluated by measuring oxidative stress markers, inflammatory responses, and metastatic burden in relevant tissues. Maclurin's protective effects against OH-induced damage have been demonstrated in MSCs transplantation models.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for maclurin is limited and primarily derived from preclinical research. As a natural polyphenolic compound, maclurin is expected to be absorbed following oral administration, though bioavailability may be limited due to extensive metabolism. The compound distributes to various tissues, and its elimination half-life and metabolic pathways have not been fully characterized in published literature. Further pharmacokinetic studies are needed to support its development as a therapeutic agent.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Preclinical toxicity studies of maclurin are limited but suggest a favorable safety profile at concentrations that provide antioxidant and protective effects. The compound effectively protects against OH-induced DNA and MSCs damage at concentrations up to 310.5 μM, indicating low cytotoxicity in these models. Maclurin shows no induction of apoptosis or inhibition of cell growth in HeLa-C3 cells at 10 μM. Comprehensive toxicological evaluation is needed before clinical development.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Maclurin belongs to the benzophenone family of compounds. It has been reported to exist in Maclura pomifera, Garcinia multiflora, and other organisms with available data.
Maclurin (NSC-83240) is a phenolic component of mulberry twigs that exerts anti-metastatic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Its mechanism of action involves inhibition of Src/FAK-ERK-β-catenin signaling and activation of p38 signaling. Maclurin has been studied for its potential in preventing many diseases or in MSCs transplantation. The compound is also known as a free radical scavenger and reactive oxygen species modulator. Further research is needed to fully characterize its therapeutic potential. |
| Molecular Formula |
C13H10O6
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
262.21
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| Exact Mass |
262.047
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| CAS # |
519-34-6
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| PubChem CID |
68213
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
551.1±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
222ºC
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| Flash Point |
301.2±26.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.756
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| LogP |
2.88
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
321
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
XNWPXDGRBWJIES-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C13H10O6/c14-7-4-10(17)12(11(18)5-7)13(19)6-1-2-8(15)9(16)3-6/h1-5,14-18H
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| Chemical Name |
(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)methanone
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| Synonyms |
NSC 83240; Morintannic acid; Maclurin
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.8137 mL | 19.0687 mL | 38.1374 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7627 mL | 3.8137 mL | 7.6275 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3814 mL | 1.9069 mL | 3.8137 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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