| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| 1g | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Lycobetaine acetate targets topoisomerase II beta. It is a selective topoisomerase II beta poison. By targeting topoisomerase II beta, the compound causes DNA damage and inhibits cell growth. Lycobetaine effectively targets mammalian as well as bacterial type I and type II topoisomerases. It also shows strong acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Lycobetaine acetate inhibits the growth of human tumor cells with a mean IC50 of 0.8 µM in clonogenic assays on 21 human tumor xenografts. It effectively targets mammalian as well as bacterial type I and type II topoisomerases. It shows strong acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.35 µM. The compound's in vitro activity is well-characterized and forms the basis for its use in cancer research.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Lycobetaine acetate has been evaluated in animal models of cancer. The compound inhibits the growth of human tumor xenografts. In vivo efficacy has been demonstrated in preclinical studies.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free topoisomerase II assays with Lycobetaine acetate are performed using purified topoisomerase II beta enzyme and plasmid DNA. The compound is incubated with the enzyme and DNA, and DNA cleavage products are analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis to determine topoisomerase II poisoning activity. These cell-free assays are essential for characterizing the potency of Lycobetaine acetate as a topoisomerase II beta poison.
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| Cell Assay |
In cellular assays, human tumor cell lines (21 different xenograft-derived lines) are used in clonogenic assays. Cells are treated with Lycobetaine acetate at varying concentrations. Colony formation is assessed to determine IC50 values. Antifungal activity is evaluated against fungal cultures. These cellular assays are crucial for understanding the functional consequences of topoisomerase II beta inhibition and for validating the compound's activity as an anticancer agent.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo efficacy of Lycobetaine acetate is evaluated in mouse xenograft models using human tumor cell lines. The compound is administered by injection or oral gavage. Tumor growth inhibition is monitored.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Lycobetaine acetate including bioavailability, half-life, and tissue distribution are determined in preclinical studies using standard PK analysis.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Standard toxicology studies in animals assess the safety profile of Lycobetaine acetate. Acute and repeat-dose toxicity, organ histopathology, and hematological parameters are evaluated. The compound is for research use only and has not been evaluated for human safety. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling Lycobetaine acetate, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment and adherence to institutional safety guidelines.
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| Additional Infomation |
Lycobetaine acetate (Oxylycorine, CAS 61221-41-8) is a research compound for laboratory use only. It is a selective topoisomerase II beta poison that inhibits human tumor cell growth with a mean IC50 of 0.8 µM. The compound also has biofungicide activity. No clinical approval has been reported. The compound should be stored according to the manufacturer's recommendations, typically at -20°C, to ensure stability. When handling Lycobetaine acetate, researchers should follow standard safety protocols for handling chemical reagents, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment and working in a well-ventilated area.
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| Molecular Formula |
C18H15NO5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
325.315405130386
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| Exact Mass |
325.095
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| CAS # |
61221-41-8
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| Related CAS # |
97438-92-1 (inner salt);2121-12-2 (cation);2121-12-2 (chloride);61221-41-8 (acetate); 21326-01-2 (nitrate); 2121-15-5 (bromide);
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| PubChem CID |
173788
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| LogP |
1.027
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
24
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| Complexity |
429
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O1COC2=C1C=C1C(=C2)C=[N+]2CCC3C=C(C=C1C2=3)O.[O-]C(C)=O
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| InChi Key |
HKIJKEFVQKXWGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H11NO3.C2H4O2/c18-11-3-9-1-2-17-7-10-4-14-15(20-8-19-14)6-12(10)13(5-11)16(9)17;1-2(3)4/h3-7H,1-2,8H2;1H3,(H,3,4)
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| Chemical Name |
5,7-dioxa-12-azoniapentacyclo[10.6.1.02,10.04,8.015,19]nonadeca-1(18),2,4(8),9,11,15(19),16-heptaen-17-ol;acetate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.0739 mL | 15.3695 mL | 30.7390 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6148 mL | 3.0739 mL | 6.1478 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3074 mL | 1.5369 mL | 3.0739 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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