| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The primary molecular targets of levonantradol are the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors. It acts as a potent agonist at both receptors, with high affinity for CB1 receptors in the central nervous system and CB2 receptors in immune cells. Activation of CB1 receptors produces psychoactive effects, analgesia, and antiemetic effects. Activation of CB2 receptors produces anti-inflammatory effects. It mimics the actions of endogenous cannabinoids such as anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, levonantradol binds to CB1 and CB2 receptors with high affinity. It acts as a full agonist at both receptors, activating G-protein-mediated signaling pathways and inhibiting adenylyl cyclase. Its in vitro potency is in the nanomolar range. Its binding affinity and functional activity are assessed using radioligand binding assays and GTPγS binding assays. It is used as a research tool for studying cannabinoid receptor pharmacology.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, levonantradol produces analgesic, antiemetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is more potent than delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in many assays. Its in vivo efficacy is dose-dependent and correlates with cannabinoid receptor occupancy. Its psychoactive effects are mediated through CB1 receptors. It has potential therapeutic applications in pain management, nausea, and inflammation. Its duration of action is similar to other cannabinoids.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For cannabinoid receptor binding assays, membranes from cells expressing recombinant CB1 or CB2 receptors are incubated with radiolabeled ligands such as [3H]CP-55940 or [3H]WIN55212-2 and increasing concentrations of levonantradol. After incubation, bound and free ligand are separated by filtration, and radioactivity is quantified. Ki values are determined by Cheng-Prusoff equation.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell experiments, cells expressing recombinant CB1 or CB2 receptors are cultured and treated with levonantradol at concentrations ranging from 0.01-1000 nM. Receptor binding is assessed by radioligand binding assays. Functional activity is measured by GTPγS binding or cAMP accumulation assays. For CB1/CB2 agonism, cells are treated with levonantradol, and inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation is measured. Cell viability is assessed by MTT assay.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, rats or mice are used. Levonantradol is administered by intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection at doses ranging from 0.01-10 mg/kg. For analgesic activity studies, the hot plate test, tail flick test, or writhing test is used. For antiemetic studies, emesis is induced by cisplatin or apomorphine, and the compound's effects are assessed. For anti-inflammatory studies, carrageenan-induced paw edema is used. Pharmacokinetic parameters are determined by LC-MS/MS.
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| Additional Infomation |
Levonantradol is a synthetic cannabinoid analogue, a derivative of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), with antiemetic and analgesic effects. Although its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, Levonantradol appears to bind to and activate cannabinoid receptors CB1 and/or CB2. (NCI04)
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| Molecular Formula |
C27H35NO4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
437.58
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| Exact Mass |
437.256
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| CAS # |
71048-87-8
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| PubChem CID |
5361881
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
591.7±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
311.7±30.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.8 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.557
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| LogP |
5.3
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| tPSA |
67.8
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
32
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| Complexity |
607
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
|
| SMILES |
CC1C2CCC(CC2C3=C(N1)C=C(C=C3OC(=O)C)OC(C)CCCC4=CC=CC=C4)O
|
| InChi Key |
FFVXQGMUHIJQAO-BFKQJKLPSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C27H35NO4/c1-17(8-7-11-20-9-5-4-6-10-20)31-22-15-25-27(26(16-22)32-19(3)29)24-14-21(30)12-13-23(24)18(2)28-25/h4-6,9-10,15-18,21,23-24,28,30H,7-8,11-14H2,1-3H3/t17-,18+,21-,23+,24-/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
[(6S,6aR,9R,10aR)-9-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2R)-5-phenylpentan-2-yl]oxy-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthridin-1-yl] acetate
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| Synonyms |
l-Nantradol; CP 50556-1; Levonantradol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2853 mL | 11.4265 mL | 22.8530 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4571 mL | 2.2853 mL | 4.5706 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2285 mL | 1.1426 mL | 2.2853 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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