| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Lauric acid-13C-1 is a substrate for medium-chain acyl-CoA synthetases and mitochondrial β-oxidation, and it exerts bactericidal activity by disrupting bacterial membranes and binding bacterial dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase; it is incorporated into triglycerides and phospholipids, and it serves as a metabolic tracer rather than a receptor ligand.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
In vitro, lauric acid-13C-1 is taken up by cultured hepatocytes and adipocytes and incorporated into triglycerides and phospholipids; its β-oxidation can be traced by 13C mass isotopomer analysis, and the labeled form enables precise quantification of lauric acid oxidation and metabolic channeling without endogenous background interference. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, orally administered lauric acid-13C-1 is absorbed and preferentially oxidized in the liver, with 13C enrichment in plasma, liver, and adipose tissue reflecting medium-chain fatty acid flux; the labeled form is used to quantify tissue uptake, β-oxidation, and incorporation into complex lipids in rodent models of metabolic disease.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
Noncellular assays quantify lauric acid-13C-1 and its acyl-CoA and lipid metabolites by LC-MS/MS or GC-MS after lipid extraction; β-oxidation flux is measured in isolated mitochondria or permeabilized cells using 13C-labeled dodecanoyl-carnitine and electron acceptors, and mass isotopomer distribution analysis is used to quantify oxidation.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays incubate HepG2, C2C12, or 3T3-L1 cells with lauric acid-13C-1–bovine serum albumin complexes, followed by lipid extraction and mass spectrometric quantification of 13C-labeled triglycerides and phospholipids; fatty acid uptake is measured by scintillation counting, and oxidation is assessed by 13CO2 capture.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal protocols administer lauric acid-13C-1 by oral gavage or incorporation into semisynthetic diets in mice or rats; plasma, liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle are collected for mass spectrometric quantification of the tracer and its lipid metabolites, and lipidomics and indirect calorimetry are used to relate medium-chain fatty acid flux to energy substrate partitioning.
|
| References |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H24O2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
200.31776
|
| Exact Mass |
201.181
|
| CAS # |
287100-78-1
|
| Related CAS # |
Lauric acid;143-07-7
|
| PubChem CID |
16217341
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| Boiling Point |
225ºC100 mm Hg(lit.)
|
| Melting Point |
44-46ºC(lit.)
|
| LogP |
3.991
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
10
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
14
|
| Complexity |
132
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCC[13CH2]C(=O)O
|
| InChi Key |
POULHZVOKOAJMA-KHWBWMQUSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H24O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12(13)14/h2-11H2,1H3,(H,13,14)/i11+1
|
| Chemical Name |
(213C)dodecanoic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.9920 mL | 24.9601 mL | 49.9201 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9984 mL | 4.9920 mL | 9.9840 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4992 mL | 2.4960 mL | 4.9920 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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