| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg | |||
| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Juglalin does not have a single defined pharmacological target. As a flavonol glycoside, its biological effects are primarily related to its antioxidant and antiviral activities. The kaempferol aglycone is known to interact with multiple targets including kinases, estrogen receptors, and inflammatory mediators, though the glycosylated form may have different bioavailability and target engagement profiles. Juglalin's antiviral activity against HSV-1 suggests potential interaction with viral entry or replication mechanisms. Its antioxidant activity is attributed to the flavonoid's ability to scavenge free radicals.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Juglalin displays significant inhibitory effects on herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). It is useful for investigation as an antioxidant. The compound is a flavonoid that has been isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the leaves of Nectandra hihua. As a flavonol glycoside, it would be expected to exhibit antioxidant activity through free radical scavenging and metal chelation. However, specific IC₅₀ values or detailed activity data is not provided in the available sources.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Juglalin has not been extensively characterized in animal models. Its antiviral activity against HSV-1 suggests potential efficacy in animal models of viral infection, though specific in vivo data is not provided in the available sources. As an antioxidant, it may have protective effects against oxidative stress in vivo. However, comprehensive in vivo studies would be required for therapeutic development.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For antiviral compounds, standard cell-free assays include direct virucidal assays, where the compound is incubated with the virus and residual infectivity is measured. For antioxidant activity, standard cell-free assays include DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical cation decolorization, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. These assays involve incubating the compound with free radical-generating systems and measuring the reduction in oxidative products.
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| Cell Assay |
For antiviral compounds, standard cellular assays involve infection of susceptible cell lines (e.g., Vero cells) with HSV-1 in the presence or absence of the test compound. Viral replication is measured by plaque reduction assay, viral yield reduction assay, or qPCR. Cytotoxicity is assessed using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays to determine the selectivity index. For antioxidant activity, cells are treated with the compound and exposed to oxidative stress, and markers of oxidative damage are measured.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo evaluation of antiviral compounds, standard animal models include HSV-1 infection models in mice (e.g., cutaneous, ocular, or systemic infection). The compound is typically administered topically, orally, or intraperitoneally, and viral titers, lesion severity, and survival are assessed. For antioxidant activity, models of oxidative stress-induced damage can be used. Specific in vivo data for Juglalin is not provided in the available sources.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Detailed pharmacokinetic data for Juglalin is not provided in the available sources. The compound has a molecular weight of 418.35 and formula C₂₀H₁₈O₁₀. As a flavonoid glycoside, it would likely have limited oral bioavailability due to its hydrophilic nature and susceptibility to intestinal metabolism. The compound appears as a white to yellow powder with a purity of 98% (HPLC). Comprehensive PK studies would be required for therapeutic development.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Detailed toxicology data for Juglalin is not provided in the available sources. As a naturally occurring flavonoid found in plants, it is likely to have a favorable safety profile at dietary levels. However, comprehensive toxicological evaluation would be required for therapeutic development. The compound is for research use only and not for therapeutic applications.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Kaempferol-3-O-arabinoside is a glycoside belonging to the flavonoid family. It has been reported to exist in Hypericum erectum, Melilotus fringeii, and other organisms with relevant data.
Juglalin is also known as Kaempferol 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside and Kaempferol 3-O-arabinoside. It has the molecular formula C₂₀H₁₈O₁₀ and a molecular weight of 418.35. The compound is a flavonol glycoside belonging to the flavonoid-3-O-glycoside class. It displays significant inhibitory effects on HSV-1 and is useful for investigation as an antioxidant. No regulatory approval has been identified. |
| Molecular Formula |
C20H18O10
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
418.3509
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| Exact Mass |
418.089
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| CAS # |
99882-10-7
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| PubChem CID |
5481882
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.8±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
777.1±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
279.6±26.4 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.771
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| LogP |
1.88
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
673
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
C1[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
RNVUDWOQYYWXBJ-IEGSVRCHSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C20H18O10/c21-9-3-1-8(2-4-9)18-19(30-20-17(27)15(25)12(24)7-28-20)16(26)14-11(23)5-10(22)6-13(14)29-18/h1-6,12,15,17,20-25,27H,7H2/t12-,15-,17+,20-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3903 mL | 11.9517 mL | 23.9034 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4781 mL | 2.3903 mL | 4.7807 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2390 mL | 1.1952 mL | 2.3903 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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