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| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Jenner's Stain does not have a specific pharmacological target as it is a histological dye rather than a therapeutic agent. Its mechanism of action involves differential staining of cellular components based on their chemical properties. The eosin Y component is an anionic dye that stains basic components (such as cytoplasmic proteins) pink to red. The non-polychromed methylene blue is a cationic dye that stains acidic components (such as nucleic acids) blue to purple. The combination of these dyes produces the characteristic Romanowsky effect with distinct blue, purple, and pink hues. The non-polychromed methylene blue in Jenner's Stain produces a lighter, greenish-blue nuclear stain compared to other Romanowsky stains. This controlled staining allows for better visualization of nucleoli and nuclear membrane irregularities in leukemia diagnostics. The stain is used in hematology and cytology for blood smear analysis.
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| ln Vitro |
In order to obtain simultaneous bands on the chromosome 4A, the rye and wheat B genomes, and the wheat-rye hybrid e, Jenner's stain (10%) was applied [1]. Jenner's staining makes it easy to see the crescents of autumn fever and the chromosomal bodies of three-day fever in malarial blood [2]. All types of cell nuclei are stained light blue by Jenner staining, while the cytoplasm is stained light pink [3]. After dipping the specimen in Jenner's stain for approximately three minutes, gently swirl it in a pan of distilled water until it begins to take on a pinkish hue [3].
In vitro, Jenner's Stain is used for staining blood smears and bone marrow specimens for microscopic examination. The stain differentiates cellular components by producing the characteristic Romanowsky effect with distinct blue, purple, and pink hues. In hematology, the stain is used for normal blood examinations and malarial staining. The non-polychromed methylene blue component produces a distinct spectral absorbance at 656 nm, allowing for instrument validation and reagent identity assurance. The stain preserves visualization of nucleoli and nuclear membrane irregularities, which is advantageous in leukemia diagnostics. Jenner's Stain can also be used for chromosome staining by C-banding technique. In agricultural research, it enables simultaneous wheat/rye chromosome C-banding at 10% concentration. |
| ln Vivo |
Jenner's Stain is not used as a therapeutic agent and has no established in vivo pharmacological activity. It is primarily a histological dye used for staining blood smears and bone marrow specimens in research and diagnostic settings. The stain is used in microscopy for the examination of blood cells and for the detection of malaria parasites. In cytogenetics, it can be used for chromosome staining by C-banding technique. The stain is certified by the Biological Stain Commission for use in staining blood smears. As a research tool, Jenner's Stain is not administered to animals for therapeutic purposes but rather used ex vivo for staining and analytical applications. It is a mixture of several thiazin dyes with both anionic and cationic properties.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro staining procedures using Jenner's Stain involve preparing a working solution from the stock solution or powder. For blood smear staining, a thin blood smear is prepared on a glass slide and air-dried. The smear is fixed with methanol and then stained with Jenner's Stain solution for 1-3 minutes. The stain is diluted with buffer or distilled water and allowed to stand for an additional 2-5 minutes. The slide is then rinsed with water, dried, and examined under a microscope. For chromosome C-banding, the stain is used at 10% concentration. The stain is soluble in methanol at 1 mg/mL, producing a blue to very deep blue solution. Staining results can be verified by spectral absorbance at 656 nm. The stain is available as a dark green powder.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays using Jenner's Stain are typically performed on fixed cells or tissue sections rather than live cells. For blood smear analysis, whole blood is spread on a glass slide, air-dried, and fixed with methanol. The fixed smear is then stained with Jenner's Stain for 1-3 minutes, followed by dilution with buffer and further incubation. For bone marrow specimens, similar procedures are followed. For chromosome staining, cells are arrested in metaphase, hypotonically treated, fixed, and dropped onto slides. The slides are then treated with barium hydroxide, incubated in saline, and stained with Jenner's Stain. Stained cells are examined under a light microscope for morphological analysis. The stain's ability to differentiate cellular components makes it useful for identifying cell types and abnormalities.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments using Jenner's Stain are not typical as the stain is used for ex vivo staining of blood and tissue samples rather than for in vivo administration. Blood samples may be collected from animals for hematological analysis using Jenner's Stain. Bone marrow aspirates from animals can be stained for cytological examination. In agricultural research, the stain is used for chromosome C-banding in plant species such as wheat and rye. The stain is not administered to live animals for therapeutic purposes but rather used as a research tool for tissue analysis. Standard protocols for blood smear preparation and staining are followed, with Jenner's Stain used at the appropriate concentration. The stain is certified for use in staining blood smears.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Jenner's Stain does not have established pharmacokinetic properties as it is not used as a therapeutic agent. The compound is a histological dye and stain used for research and diagnostic applications. For in vitro use, Jenner's Stain is soluble in methanol at 1 mg/mL, producing a blue to very deep blue solution. The stain is available as a dark green powder or as a ready-to-use solution. For storage, the stain should be kept in a cool, dry place and protected from light. The stain is certified by the Biological Stain Commission for use in staining blood smears. The stain's spectral absorbance peak at 656 nm can be used for quality control and instrument validation. The stain is stable under recommended storage conditions.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity of Jenner's Stain is primarily related to its use as a dye and its methanol content. The compound is intended for research and diagnostic use only and is not for human therapeutic use. As a histological dye, Jenner's Stain should be handled with appropriate laboratory safety precautions, including the use of gloves and eye protection. The methanol component is flammable and toxic, and appropriate ventilation should be used. The stain may cause irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract upon contact. Inhalation of dust or vapors should be avoided. The dye is not classified as a highly toxic substance but should be handled with care. Safety data sheets recommend standard handling procedures for histological stains.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Jenner's Stain (CAS 62851-42-7) is a prototypical Romanowsky-type polychromatic stain used for staining blood smears and bone marrow specimens. It is a mixture of eosin Y and non-polychromed methylene blue dissolved in methanol. Introduced by Louis Jenner in 1899, it is one of the earliest Romanowsky formulations. The stain produces a characteristic "Romanowsky effect" of distinct blue, purple, and pink hues. Jenner's Stain has the molecular formula C21H9Br4KO5 and a molecular weight of approximately 700.0 g/mol. It is available as a dark green powder or as a certified powder and ready-to-use methanol-based solution. The stain is used in hematology and cytology for blood smear analysis. It is certified by the Biological Stain Commission. The German equivalent is known as May-Grünwald stain. The stain's non-polychromed methylene blue produces a lighter, greenish-blue nuclear stain distinct from polychromed variants.
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| Molecular Formula |
号MFCD00081733
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| CAS # |
62851-42-7
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| Appearance |
Green to dark green solid powder
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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