| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The primary target of Isotanshinone IIA is protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), an enzyme that negatively regulates insulin signaling by dephosphorylating the insulin receptor. Isotanshinone IIA acts as a non-competitive inhibitor of PTP1B with an IC₅0 of 11.4 microM. By inhibiting PTP1B activity, the compound enhances insulin signaling and glucose uptake, making it a potential therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes. PTP1B is also involved in other signaling pathways, including those regulating cell growth and metabolism, making it a target of interest for various metabolic disorders.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies demonstrate that Isotanshinone IIA non-competitively inhibits PTP1B activity with an IC₅0 of 11.4 microM. This inhibition enhances insulin signaling by preventing the dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor. Isotanshinone IIA is an abietane-type diterpene metabolite isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Its PTP1B inhibitory activity makes it a valuable tool for studying insulin signaling and metabolic regulation. The compound's ability to inhibit PTP1B suggests potential applications in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders where insulin resistance plays a key role.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies of Isotanshinone IIA are limited, as it is primarily a research compound and natural product. As a PTP1B inhibitor with an IC₅0 of 11.4 microM, the compound may have potential for improving insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in animal models of diabetes. Danshen, the plant from which Isotanshinone IIA is derived, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for various conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. Further in vivo studies are needed to evaluate the compound's pharmacokinetic properties, bioavailability, and efficacy in animal models of metabolic disorders.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays, Isotanshinone IIA is evaluated using PTP1B enzymatic activity assays. The compound is incubated with recombinant PTP1B enzyme and a suitable substrate (such as p-nitrophenyl phosphate) at various concentrations. PTP1B-mediated dephosphorylation is quantified by measuring the release of p-nitrophenol or by other detection methods. IC₅0 values are determined from dose-response curves. The non-competitive nature of inhibition can be confirmed by kinetic analysis. Selectivity profiling against other phosphatases may be performed to confirm specificity. Standard assay conditions include physiological buffer systems with appropriate pH and ionic strength.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular experiments, Isotanshinone IIA is tested in cell lines to evaluate its effects on insulin signaling and glucose metabolism. Cells are cultured in appropriate media and treated with various concentrations of the compound (typically ranging from micromolar to millimolar). Insulin signaling is assessed by measuring phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and downstream effectors such as AKT using Western blotting. Glucose uptake is measured using fluorescent or radiolabeled glucose analogs. The compound's effects on cell viability and proliferation are monitored. PTP1B inhibition can be confirmed by measuring PTP1B activity in cell lysates.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, Isotanshinone IIA can be administered to rodents via various routes including oral gavage, intravenous injection, or intraperitoneal injection. The compound's potential for treating type 2 diabetes can be evaluated in animal models of insulin resistance and diabetes, such as high-fat diet-fed mice or genetically diabetic mice. Typical doses may range from 1 to 100 mg/kg depending on the study objectives. Parameters such as blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and body weight are measured. Tissue samples are collected for analysis of insulin signaling and PTP1B activity.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Isotanshinone IIA are not extensively characterized in the literature. As a diterpene with a molecular weight of 294.34-294.35 g/mol, it may have reasonable oral bioavailability and tissue distribution. The compound's lipophilic nature may influence its absorption and distribution. Detailed parameters such as Cₘₐₓ, Tₘₐₓ, AUC, half-life, and clearance would need to be determined through comprehensive PK studies. The compound's metabolism, potential for drug-drug interactions, and excretion pathways remain to be fully characterized. Formulation development may be necessary for optimal in vivo administration.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Isotanshinone IIA are limited, as it is primarily a research compound and natural product. As a PTP1B inhibitor, its toxicity would depend on the importance of PTP1B for normal cellular function. PTP1B is a key regulator of insulin signaling, and its inhibition could have effects on metabolism and cell growth. Comprehensive toxicology studies would be needed for further development. As with all research chemicals, appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling Isotanshinone IIA, including the use of personal protective equipment and adherence to institutional safety guidelines.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
It has been reported that Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia miltiorrhiza var. mucilaginosa contain isotanshinone IIA, and relevant data is available.
See also: Isotanshinone II (note moved to). Isotanshinone IIA is a research compound isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen). No clinical trials or regulatory approvals have been reported for this compound as a therapeutic agent. It is available from various chemical suppliers for research purposes only. The compound is an abietane-type diterpene metabolite that non-competitively inhibits PTP1B with an IC₅0 of 11.4 microM. PTP1B is a negative regulator of insulin signaling, making selective inhibition a potential therapeutic strategy for type 2 diabetes. |
| Molecular Formula |
C19H18O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
294.34442
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| Exact Mass |
294.126
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| CAS # |
20958-15-0
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| PubChem CID |
626354
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| Appearance |
Orange to orange red solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
471.1±45.0 °C(Predicted)
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| LogP |
3.977
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
22
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| Complexity |
509
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC1=COC2=C1C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C4=C(C=C3)C(CCC4)(C)C
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| InChi Key |
QHGPIJMPUOVBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H18O3/c1-10-9-22-18-14(10)16(20)12-6-7-13-11(15(12)17(18)21)5-4-8-19(13,2)3/h6-7,9H,4-5,8H2,1-3H3
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| Chemical Name |
4,4,8-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,1-f][1]benzofuran-7,11-dione
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.3974 mL | 16.9872 mL | 33.9743 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6795 mL | 3.3974 mL | 6.7949 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3397 mL | 1.6987 mL | 3.3974 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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