| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 50mg |
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| Targets |
Hecogenin is a selective inhibitor of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4 (UGT1A4), an enzyme involved in the glucuronidation and clearance of various drugs and endogenous compounds. By inhibiting UGT1A4, hecogenin can modulate the metabolism of UGT1A4 substrates. The compound also modulates inflammatory signaling pathways, supports liver function, and induces apoptosis in various tumor cell lines. Its anti-inflammatory effects are mediated through the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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| ln Vitro |
Hecogenin exhibits antiproliferative effects on human osteosarcoma cells and other tumor cell lines. It induces apoptosis through mechanisms involving the modulation of inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress. As a UGT1A4 inhibitor, it has an IC50 of 1.5 μM. Hecogenin also demonstrates antifungal activity and gastroprotective effects. In vitro, it normalizes glutathione (GSH) levels and significantly reduces lipid peroxidation.
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| ln Vivo |
Hecogenin (3.1-90 mg/kg; p.o.; 15 h duration; male Swiss mice) administered rapidly before to ethanol had strong gastroprotective effects. Using the ethanol-induced gastric damage model as a paradigm, hecogenin pretreatment drastically decreased nitrite levels and lipid peroxidation in the stomach while also restoring normal GSH levels. Additionally, hecogenin greatly protects the stomach mucosa and lowers MPO release [1].
In vivo, hecogenin exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and gastroprotective activities. In animal models of gastric ulcer, hecogenin pretreatment normalizes GSH levels and significantly reduces lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels in the stomach. It also exhibits anti-arthritic activity in rats through suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis. These effects highlight its potential as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory and gastrointestinal disorders. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for hecogenin typically measure the inhibition of UGT1A4 activity. Human liver microsomes or recombinant UGT1A4 are incubated with a UGT substrate (e.g., trifluoperazine or other UGT1A4-selective substrates) and UDP-glucuronic acid in the presence of varying concentrations of hecogenin. The formation of glucuronidated products is measured by HPLC or LC-MS/MS. IC50 values are calculated from inhibition curves.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for hecogenin are performed using cancer cell lines (e.g., osteosarcoma 1547 cells) to assess its antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects. Cells are treated with hecogenin at varying concentrations for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays. Apoptosis is measured by Annexin V staining, caspase activity assays, or TUNEL staining. Inflammatory cytokine production may be measured by ELISA in activated immune cells.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male Swiss mice (20-30 g) plus ethanol [1] Doses: 3.1 mg/kg, 7.5 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg given Drug method: oral administration; 15 hrs (hrs (hours))
Experimental Results: As assessed by the ethanol-induced gastric injury model, GSH levels in the stomach were normalized, and lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels were Dramatically diminished. Reduce MPO release and Dramatically protect gastric mucosa. In vivo studies with hecogenin are conducted in rodent models of inflammation, gastric ulcer, and arthritis. In the gastric ulcer model, mice are treated with hecogenin prior to the induction of ulcers using ethanol or indomethacin. Ulcer index, GSH levels, lipid peroxidation, and nitrite levels are measured. In the arthritis model, rats are immunized with Complete Freund's adjuvant and treated with hecogenin, and paw swelling and cytokine levels are assessed. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for hecogenin are limited, as it is a natural product research compound. Its molecular weight is 430.62 g/mol. The compound is a steroid sapogenin with moderate lipophilicity. For in vivo studies, it is typically formulated in suitable vehicles such as carboxymethylcellulose or oil-based solutions. Its oral bioavailability and metabolic stability have not been extensively characterized.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for hecogenin are limited. No significant adverse effects have been reported in animal studies at the doses used for pharmacological investigations. However, comprehensive toxicological evaluation, including acute and chronic toxicity studies, has not been performed. The compound should be handled with standard laboratory safety precautions.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Hycokinin is a triterpenoid compound. It has been reported to be found in truncate maple, spider plant, and other organisms with relevant data.
Hecogenin is a natural steroid sapogenin with diverse pharmacological activities. It is a selective inhibitor of UGT1A4 and has been studied for its anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, and anticancer properties. Its well-defined steroidal framework makes it a valuable starting material for the synthesis of steroidal drugs and other bioactive compounds. Hecogenin is not approved for clinical use and is intended for laboratory research only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C27H42O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
430.629
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| Exact Mass |
430.308
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| CAS # |
467-55-0
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| PubChem CID |
91453
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
548.9±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
268°C
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| Flash Point |
177.8±23.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.559
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| LogP |
4.22
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
31
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| Complexity |
766
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
12
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2([C@H]([C@H]3[C@@H](O2)C[C@@H]4[C@@]3(C(=O)C[C@H]5[C@H]4CC[C@@H]6[C@@]5(CC[C@@H](C6)O)C)C)C)OC1
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| InChi Key |
QOLRLLFJMZLYQJ-LOBDNJQFSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C27H42O4/c1-15-7-10-27(30-14-15)16(2)24-22(31-27)12-21-19-6-5-17-11-18(28)8-9-25(17,3)20(19)13-23(29)26(21,24)4/h15-22,24,28H,5-14H2,1-4H3/t15-,16+,17+,18+,19-,20+,21+,22+,24+,25+,26-,27-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(1R,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13S,16S,18S)-16-hydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-10-one
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| Synonyms |
Hocogenin; Hecogenin
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMF : 16.67 mg/mL (~38.71 mM)
DMSO :< 1 mg/mL H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3222 mL | 11.6109 mL | 23.2218 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4644 mL | 2.3222 mL | 4.6444 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2322 mL | 1.1611 mL | 2.3222 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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