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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
3-Bromo-L-phenylalanine does not have a specific biological receptor target. As a halogenated amino acid analog, it can be incorporated into peptides and proteins in place of phenylalanine, serving as a probe for structural and functional studies. The bromine atom provides a heavy atom for X-ray crystallography and can be used for further chemical modification. The compound is also used in studies of amino acid transport and metabolism, as it can be taken up by amino acid transporters and incorporated into proteins. Its primary utility is as a research tool in chemical biology and protein engineering rather than as a pharmacologically active compound.
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| ln Vitro |
Commercial ergot supplements have been made from amino acids and their derivatives. They affect the release of anabolic hormones, the availability of fuel for activity, the ability to think clearly under pressure, and the prevention of muscular damage brought on by exertion. They are regarded as advantageous synergistic food ingredients [1].
In vitro, 3-Bromo-L-phenylalanine is used as a building block for the synthesis of modified peptides and proteins. It can be incorporated into peptides using standard solid-phase peptide synthesis methods. The bromine atom can serve as a site for cross-coupling reactions, enabling the introduction of various functional groups. In protein research, the compound is used to study the effects of halogenation on protein structure and function. It is also applied in the facile removal of leader peptides from lanthipeptides by incorporation of a hydroxy acid. The compound does not exhibit pharmacological activity such as receptor binding or enzyme inhibition. |
| ln Vivo |
3-Bromo-L-phenylalanine is not a pharmacologically active drug and does not have defined in vivo activity as a therapeutic agent. Its primary use is as a research tool for chemical biology and protein engineering. In animal studies, the compound may be used to investigate amino acid metabolism, protein synthesis, or the effects of halogenated amino acids on physiology. However, these are research applications rather than therapeutic interventions.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for 3-Bromo-L-phenylalanine focus on its chemical reactivity and its use in peptide synthesis. Standard protocols involve incorporating the compound into peptides using Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis. The bromine atom can be used for further functionalization via Suzuki or other cross-coupling reactions. In protein engineering, the compound is used to incorporate non-natural amino acids into proteins for structural and functional studies.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays using 3-Bromo-L-phenylalanine are conducted to study amino acid transport and metabolism. Cells are cultured in media supplemented with the compound, and cellular uptake and incorporation into proteins are monitored. The effects of the halogenated amino acid on cellular metabolism and protein function can be assessed.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with 3-Bromo-L-phenylalanine are not typically conducted.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
3-Bromo-L-phenylalanine is not a drug candidate, and pharmacokinetic data are not available.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The compound is generally considered to have low toxicity. It is slightly soluble in water. Standard laboratory safety precautions are recommended.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
3-Bromo-L-phenylalanine (CAS 82311-69-1) is a halogenated amino acid derivative used as a research tool in chemical biology and protein engineering. Its chemical formula is C₉H₁₀BrNO₂ and molecular weight is 244.09. It is intended for research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C9H10NO2BR
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
244.0852
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| Exact Mass |
242.989
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| CAS # |
82311-69-1
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| PubChem CID |
2762259
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
368.4±32.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
218.0-218.2°C
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| Flash Point |
176.6±25.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.609
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| LogP |
1.88
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
187
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C1=CC(=CC(=C1)Br)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N
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| InChi Key |
GDMOHOYNMWWBAU-QMMMGPOBSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H10BrNO2/c10-7-3-1-2-6(4-7)5-8(11)9(12)13/h1-4,8H,5,11H2,(H,12,13)/t8-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-3-(3-bromophenyl)propanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~15.38 mg/mL (~63.01 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0968 mL | 20.4842 mL | 40.9685 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8194 mL | 4.0968 mL | 8.1937 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4097 mL | 2.0484 mL | 4.0968 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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