| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
H-Phe-Gly-Gly-OH targets tripeptide aminopeptidase, serving as a substrate for this enzyme. Tripeptide aminopeptidase is an enzyme that cleaves N-terminal amino acids from tripeptides. The compound is used to characterize the activity and specificity of this enzyme. It does not have a therapeutic target but is a research tool for studying protease function and peptide metabolism.
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| ln Vitro |
Commercial ergot supplements have been made from amino acids and their derivatives. They affect the release of anabolic hormones, the availability of fuel for activity, the ability to think clearly under pressure, and the prevention of muscular damage brought on by exertion. They are regarded as advantageous synergistic food ingredients [1].
In vitro, H-Phe-Gly-Gly-OH is used as a substrate for tripeptide aminopeptidase. It is used in biochemical assays to study the activity and specificity of this enzyme. The hydrolysis of the tripeptide releases phenylalanine and glycine, which can be quantified. The compound may also be used in studies of peptide transport and metabolism. It does not exhibit significant pharmacological activities such as receptor binding or enzyme inhibition beyond its role as a substrate. |
| ln Vivo |
H-Phe-Gly-Gly-OH is not a pharmacologically active compound and therefore does not have defined in vivo activity as a therapeutic agent. It is a metabolite. When administered to animals, it would likely be metabolized by peptidases to release phenylalanine and glycine. Its primary value remains in research, where it serves as a substrate for studying tripeptide aminopeptidase and other proteases.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for H-Phe-Gly-Gly-OH are designed to measure the activity of tripeptide aminopeptidase. A standard protocol involves incubating the compound with an enzyme preparation in a suitable buffer. The hydrolysis of the tripeptide bond releases phenylalanine and glycine, which can be quantified by HPLC or mass spectrometry. The progress of the reaction can be monitored, and kinetic parameters can be determined. These assays are used to characterize the enzyme's activity and specificity.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays using H-Phe-Gly-Gly-OH are limited because the compound is primarily a research reagent. However, it can be used in cell culture studies to investigate peptide transport and metabolism. Cells are cultured in media supplemented with the compound, and its uptake and hydrolysis are monitored. The effects of increased phenylalanine and glycine availability on cellular metabolism can be assessed.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with H-Phe-Gly-Gly-OH are not typically conducted for therapeutic purposes. However, it may be used in metabolic studies to investigate peptide absorption and metabolism. A typical protocol involves oral or intravenous administration of the compound to rodents. Blood and tissue samples are collected to measure phenylalanine and glycine levels, allowing assessment of the compound's bioavailability and metabolic fate.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a small, hydrophilic tripeptide, H-Phe-Gly-Gly-OH is expected to be rapidly absorbed and metabolized after oral administration. It is likely hydrolyzed by peptidases in the gastrointestinal tract and plasma to release phenylalanine and glycine, which then enter the endogenous amino acid pool. The compound's pharmacokinetic properties are characteristic of small peptides, with rapid clearance and short half-life.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
H-Phe-Gly-Gly-OH is generally considered to have low toxicity, consistent with its composition of the endogenous amino acids phenylalanine and glycine. Acute toxicity is expected to be minimal. Standard laboratory safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment, are recommended. No significant systemic toxicity is anticipated at typical research doses.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Phe-Gly-Gly is a tripeptide composed of one L-phenylalanine residue and two glycine residues linked together in sequence. It is a metabolite.
H-Phe-Gly-Gly-OH (L-Phenylalanylglycylglycine, CAS 23576-42-3) is a tripeptide composed of one L-phenylalanine and two glycine residues. Its molecular formula is C₁₃H₁₇N₃O₄ and its molecular weight is 279.30 g/mol. It is a metabolite and is the substrate for the characterization of tripeptide aminopeptidase from monkey brain. It is soluble in water and DMSO. It is intended for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C13H17N3O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
279.2918
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| Exact Mass |
279.122
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| CAS # |
23576-42-3
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| PubChem CID |
152644
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.296 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
667.3ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
357.4ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
1.02E-18mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.576
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| LogP |
0.355
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
354
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)O)N
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| InChi Key |
NAXPHWZXEXNDIW-JTQLQIEISA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C13H17N3O4/c14-10(6-9-4-2-1-3-5-9)13(20)16-7-11(17)15-8-12(18)19/h1-5,10H,6-8,14H2,(H,15,17)(H,16,20)(H,18,19)/t10-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]acetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~25 mg/mL (~89.51 mM)
DMSO : ~2 mg/mL (~7.16 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.5805 mL | 17.9025 mL | 35.8051 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7161 mL | 3.5805 mL | 7.1610 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3581 mL | 1.7903 mL | 3.5805 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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