| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
As a protected amino acid derivative, H-DL-Phe(4-Cl)-OMe.HCl does not have a specific pharmacological target. Its primary role is as a chemical intermediate in peptide synthesis. However, upon deprotection, 4-chlorophenylalanine may interact with amino acid transporters and enzymes involved in phenylalanine metabolism. The compound may also serve as a substrate for phenylalanine hydroxylase and other enzymes. In biological systems, chlorinated phenylalanine derivatives have been studied for their potential to modulate neurotransmitter synthesis and metabolic pathways.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Commercial ergot supplements have been made from amino acids and their derivatives. They affect the release of anabolic hormones, the availability of fuel for activity, the ability to think clearly under pressure, and the prevention of muscular damage brought on by exertion. They are regarded as advantageous synergistic food ingredients [1].
In vitro studies have shown that amino acid derivatives like H-DL-Phe(4-Cl)-OMe.HCl influence the release of anabolic hormones and affect the availability of fuel for cellular activity. Research on chlorophenylalanine derivatives has demonstrated their effects on cellular metabolism, protein synthesis, and enzyme function. Studies suggest that amino acid derivatives are regarded as advantageous synergistic food ingredients. The chloro substituent may affect the compound's interaction with enzymes and receptors, potentially leading to altered biological activity compared to unmodified phenylalanine. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies on halogenated amino acid derivatives are limited. Research in rodent models has shown that phenylalanine derivatives can influence metabolic pathways and neurotransmitter synthesis. Chlorophenylalanine has been studied for its potential to modulate serotonin synthesis, similar to PCPA. However, H-DL-Phe(4-Cl)-OMe.HCl specifically has limited published in vivo data as it is primarily a research reagent used as a synthetic intermediate rather than a bioactive agent.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for chlorophenylalanine derivatives typically involve measuring their interaction with enzymes such as phenylalanine hydroxylase or amino acid transporters. A standard protocol involves incubating the compound with the enzyme in appropriate buffer systems (e.g., 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.4) at 37°C. The reaction products are analyzed using HPLC or LC-MS. For amino acid transporter binding studies, radiolabeled competition assays using cell membrane preparations expressing specific transporters may be employed. IC₅₀ values are calculated from dose-response curves.
|
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for H-DL-Phe(4-Cl)-OMe.HCl typically employ cell lines such as HepG2, Caco-2, or neuronal cell lines to evaluate the compound's effects on cellular metabolism and protein synthesis. A common protocol involves seeding cells in multi-well plates at appropriate densities and incubating overnight at 37°C with 5% CO₂. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of the compound (typically 1-1000 µM) for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CCK-8 assays. Metabolic effects can be evaluated by measuring amino acid uptake, protein synthesis rates, or gene expression changes using qPCR or Western blotting.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with chlorophenylalanine derivatives typically utilize rodent models such as rats or mice. A standard protocol involves oral administration or intraperitoneal injection of the compound dissolved in sterile saline or PBS at doses ranging from 50-500 mg/kg body weight. Animals are maintained under standard laboratory conditions. Blood samples are collected at predetermined time points for pharmacokinetic analysis. Tissue samples may be harvested for analysis of amino acid levels, metabolic markers, and neurotransmitter levels. Behavioral studies may evaluate effects on cognitive function or mood.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
H-DL-Phe(4-Cl)-OMe.HCl (molecular weight 250.12 g/mol) is a small, lipophilic molecule. The compound has a melting point of 186-189°C. The methyl ester is susceptible to hydrolysis by esterases, releasing the free acid. The hydrochloride salt form enhances aqueous solubility and stability. Following absorption, the compound undergoes ester hydrolysis and normal phenylalanine metabolism, with excretion occurring via renal clearance. The 4-chloro substituent may affect metabolic processing and pharmacokinetic properties compared to unmodified phenylalanine.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The hydrochloride salt of H-DL-Phe(4-Cl)-OMe exhibits low toxicity, consistent with its nature as an amino acid derivative. Acute toxicity is expected to be low, with an oral LD₅₀ in rodents likely >2000 mg/kg based on similar compounds. The compound is not considered genotoxic or carcinogenic. Skin and eye contact may cause mild irritation. Inhalation of dust should be avoided. The compound is stable under normal storage conditions.
|
| References |
[1]. Luckose F, et al. Effects of amino acid derivatives on physical, mental, and physiological activities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015;55(13):1793-1144.
|
| Additional Infomation |
H-DL-Phe(4-Cl)-OMe.HCl is supplied as a white to off-white solid powder with ≥98% purity. The compound has a molecular formula of C₁₀H₁₃Cl₂NO₂. It should be stored as a powder at -20°C for up to 3 years, at 4°C for up to 2 years, and in solution at -80°C for 6 months or -20°C for 1 month. The product is for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic applications.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C5H10N2O
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
114.1457
|
| Exact Mass |
114.079
|
| CAS # |
62937-45-5
|
| PubChem CID |
447554
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
303.6±31.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
95-97°C
|
| Flash Point |
137.4±24.8 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.491
|
| LogP |
-1.51
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
8
|
| Complexity |
103
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
O=C([C@@]1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N1[H])N([H])[H]
|
| InChi Key |
VLJNHYLEOZPXFW-SCSAIBSYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H10N2O/c6-5(8)4-2-1-3-7-4/h4,7H,1-3H2,(H2,6,8)/t4-/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2R)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.7604 mL | 43.8020 mL | 87.6040 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.7521 mL | 8.7604 mL | 17.5208 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8760 mL | 4.3802 mL | 8.7604 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
