| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
H-Cys-Gly-OH does not have a specific biological target as a drug. It is a metabolite and a diagnostic marker. It is a breakdown product of glutathione, an important antioxidant in the body. The compound can be further hydrolyzed to release cysteine and glycine, which have various physiological roles. However, H-Cys-Gly-OH itself is not designed to interact with specific receptors or enzymes for therapeutic purposes. Its primary value is as a biomarker and a research tool for studying glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, H-Cys-Gly-OH is used as a standard and a substrate in biochemical assays. It is used to study the activity of enzymes involved in glutathione metabolism, such as gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and dipeptidases. The compound may be used to measure the levels of Cys-Gly in biological samples as a marker of oxidative stress. It does not exhibit significant pharmacological activities such as receptor binding or enzyme inhibition. Its role in research is primarily as a metabolite and a diagnostic marker.
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| ln Vivo |
H-Cys-Gly-OH is not a pharmacologically active compound and therefore does not have defined in vivo activity as a therapeutic agent. It is an endogenous metabolite and a breakdown product of glutathione. When administered to animals, it would likely be metabolized to release cysteine and glycine. Its levels in the body can be used as a diagnostic marker for diseases associated with oxidative stress. Its primary value is as a biomarker and a research tool for studying glutathione metabolism and redox balance.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for H-Cys-Gly-OH are typically designed to study the activity of enzymes involved in glutathione metabolism. A standard protocol involves incubating the compound with an enzyme preparation, such as gamma-glutamyltransferase or dipeptidase, in a suitable buffer. The hydrolysis of the dipeptide bond releases cysteine and glycine, which can be quantified by HPLC or mass spectrometry. These assays are used to characterize the activity of these enzymes and to screen for modulators.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays using H-Cys-Gly-OH are conducted to study glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress. Cells are cultured in media, and the levels of Cys-Gly and other glutathione-related metabolites are measured. The effects of oxidative stress or drug treatments on Cys-Gly levels can be assessed. These experiments are typically conducted in cell lines such as hepatocytes or in primary cells to study the role of glutathione in cellular redox balance.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with H-Cys-Gly-OH are not typically conducted for therapeutic purposes. However, it may be used in metabolic studies to investigate glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress. A typical protocol involves administering a compound that modulates glutathione levels to rodents, followed by blood and tissue sampling to measure the levels of Cys-Gly and other metabolites. These studies help to understand the role of glutathione in health and disease.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a small, hydrophilic dipeptide, H-Cys-Gly-OH is expected to be rapidly metabolized in the body. Its pharmacokinetic properties are characteristic of endogenous metabolites, with rapid clearance and short half-life. The compound's levels in plasma and tissues are regulated by its production from glutathione and its hydrolysis to cysteine and glycine. Detailed pharmacokinetic data are not typically reported, as the compound is primarily a biomarker rather than a drug candidate.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
H-Cys-Gly-OH is generally considered to have low toxicity, consistent with its status as an endogenous metabolite. It is a breakdown product of glutathione, an important antioxidant. Acute toxicity is expected to be minimal. Standard laboratory safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment, are recommended. No significant systemic toxicity is anticipated at typical research doses.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Cysteinylglycine is a dipeptide composed of an α-amino group of glycine linked to an L-cysteine group. It is an intermediate metabolite in glutathione metabolism. It is found in humans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Escherichia coli. It is a zwitterionic tautomer of L-cysteylglycine. Cysteinylglycine is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli (K12 strain, MG1655 strain). It has also been reported to exist in fruit flies, humans, and other organisms with relevant data.
H-Cys-Gly-OH (L-Cysteinylglycine, CAS 19246-18-5) is a dipeptide composed of L-cysteine and glycine. Its molecular formula is C₅H₁₀N₂O₃S and its molecular weight is 178.21 g/mol. It is an endogenous metabolite and a key intermediate in glutathione metabolism. It is used as a diagnostic marker for diseases associated with oxidative stress. It is also known as glutathione EP impurity A. It is intended for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C5H10N2O3S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
178.2095
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| Exact Mass |
178.041
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| CAS # |
19246-18-5
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| PubChem CID |
439498
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
459.0±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
231.4±28.7 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.557
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| LogP |
-0.61
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
11
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| Complexity |
162
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C([C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)O)N)S
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| InChi Key |
ZUKPVRWZDMRIEO-VKHMYHEASA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H10N2O3S/c6-3(2-11)5(10)7-1-4(8)9/h3,11H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,10)(H,8,9)/t3-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
2-[[(2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoyl]amino]acetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.6114 mL | 28.0568 mL | 56.1136 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1223 mL | 5.6114 mL | 11.2227 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5611 mL | 2.8057 mL | 5.6114 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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