| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide targets cathepsin C (dipeptidyl peptidase I), a lysosomal cysteine protease that plays a role in the activation of serine proteases in immune cells and in protein degradation. As a substrate of cathepsin C, the compound accumulates within the lysosome and is hydrolyzed by the enzyme. It can inhibit the cathepsin-dependent activation of caspase-8, a key initiator caspase in the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. By serving as a substrate and inhibitor of cathepsin C, Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide is a valuable tool for studying lysosomal function, proteolysis, and apoptosis.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide is used as a substrate for cathepsin C to study intralysosomal hydrolysis, lysosomal membrane permeability, and cathepsin C function. The compound's hydrolysis by cathepsin C releases β-naphthylamine, which can be detected by fluorescence or colorimetric methods. The compound also inhibits the cathepsin-dependent activation of caspase-8. Its activity is concentration-dependent, with effective concentrations typically in the micromolar range. Its utility as a cathepsin C substrate and caspase-8 inhibitor makes it a valuable tool for studying lysosomal biology and apoptosis.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide is not used as a therapeutic agent but as a research tool for studying lysosomal function and apoptosis. It is used in ex vivo studies on tissue samples or isolated cells to investigate cathepsin C activity and lysosomal membrane permeability. The compound is not administered to live animals for therapeutic purposes. Its in vivo applications are limited to research settings. The compound is for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic applications.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro cathepsin C activity assay for Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide typically uses purified cathepsin C enzyme or cell lysates as the enzyme source. The assay is performed in 96-well plates with the substrate and varying concentrations of the test compound (if inhibition is being studied). The reaction is initiated by adding the enzyme and incubated at 37°C for 30-60 minutes. The release of β-naphthylamine is measured fluorometrically at excitation/emission wavelengths of approximately 340/410 nm. For lysosomal membrane permeability assays, cells are treated with the substrate, and the release of β-naphthylamine into the cytoplasm is measured. Positive controls (e.g., known cathepsin C inhibitors) and negative controls (DMSO vehicle) are included in each assay run.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular assays, cells are treated with Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 µM for 1-24 hours. Cathepsin C activity is assessed by measuring the intracellular accumulation or release of β-naphthylamine. Lysosomal membrane permeability is assessed by measuring the release of the substrate or its cleavage product into the cytoplasm. Caspase-8 activation is assessed by Western blotting or activity assays. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays. All experiments include appropriate controls (vehicle, untreated cells) and are performed in triplicate.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo studies, Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide is not typically administered to animals as a therapeutic agent. It is used in ex vivo studies on tissue samples obtained from animals. Tissues are harvested and processed for cathepsin C activity assays or lysosomal membrane permeability studies. The compound may be used in models of lysosomal storage disorders or apoptosis. All animal procedures should be conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide are not relevant, as it is a research reagent rather than a therapeutic agent. The compound has a molecular weight of 347.41 and is a small peptide. It is used in vitro and ex vivo for biochemical assays. The compound should be stored in a cool, dry place protected from light. Detailed PK data are not available in publicly accessible literature.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicology of Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide has not been extensively characterized, as it is primarily used as a research reagent rather than a therapeutic agent. In cell culture, the compound shows low cytotoxicity at concentrations used for enzymatic assays. The compound is not genotoxic in standard in vitro assays. Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide should be handled with appropriate laboratory safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment. The compound is for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Glycyl-L-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide is an N-(2-naphthyl)formamide formed by the condensation of the carboxyl group of glycyl-L-phenylalanine with the amino group of 2-naphthylamine. It is a chromogenic compound belonging to the N-(2-naphthyl)formamide and dipeptide families.
Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide is a substrate of cathepsin C that accumulates within the lysosome. It inhibits cathepsin-dependent caspase-8 activation. It is used to study intralysosomal hydrolysis, lysosomal membrane permeability, and cathepsin C function. The compound is not approved for human use and is intended for research purposes only. It is available as a high-purity research reagent for laboratory use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C21H21N3O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
347.41034
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| Exact Mass |
347.163
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| CAS # |
21438-66-4
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| PubChem CID |
152423
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.254g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
692.4ºC at 760mmHg
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| Flash Point |
372.6ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
5.04E-19mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.673
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| LogP |
3.628
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
26
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| Complexity |
476
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)NC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2)NC(=O)CN
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| InChi Key |
YABDXPBHLDPMOA-IBGZPJMESA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H21N3O2/c22-14-20(25)24-19(12-15-6-2-1-3-7-15)21(26)23-18-11-10-16-8-4-5-9-17(16)13-18/h1-11,13,19H,12,14,22H2,(H,23,26)(H,24,25)/t19-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-[(2-aminoacetyl)amino]-N-naphthalen-2-yl-3-phenylpropanamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~359.81 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8784 mL | 14.3922 mL | 28.7844 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5757 mL | 2.8784 mL | 5.7569 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2878 mL | 1.4392 mL | 2.8784 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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