| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 1g | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Glucoarabin does not have a specific biological target itself, but its hydrolysis product, erucin, is the bioactive compound. Erucin, like other isothiocyanates, targets multiple cellular pathways involved in cancer chemoprevention. It modulates phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes, induces apoptosis, and inhibits cell proliferation. Erucin has been shown to activate the Nrf2 pathway and inhibit NF-κB signaling. By serving as a precursor to erucin, glucoarabin is a valuable tool for studying the metabolism and bioactivity of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, glucoarabin is used as a substrate for myrosinase to study the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates. The hydrolysis product, erucin, exhibits anticancer and chemopreventive activities in cell-based assays. Erucin inhibits the proliferation of cancer cell lines, induces apoptosis, and modulates detoxification enzyme activity. Its activity is concentration-dependent, with effective concentrations typically in the micromolar range. Glucoarabin's role as a glucosinolate precursor makes it a valuable tool for studying glucosinolate metabolism and the bioactivity of isothiocyanates.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, glucoarabin is consumed as a dietary glucosinolate from cruciferous vegetables. After ingestion, it is hydrolyzed by myrosinase from the plant or gut microbiota to produce erucin. Erucin is absorbed and distributed to tissues, where it exerts its chemopreventive effects. However, specific in vivo efficacy data for glucoarabin itself are limited, as it is a precursor rather than the active compound. The compound is primarily used as a research tool for studying glucosinolate metabolism.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro myrosinase activity assay for glucoarabin typically uses purified myrosinase enzyme or plant extracts containing myrosinase. The assay is performed with the substrate and varying concentrations of the test compound (if inhibition is being studied). The reaction is initiated by adding myrosinase and incubated at 37°C for 30-60 minutes. The production of glucose or the hydrolysis product erucin is measured by enzymatic assays (e.g., glucose oxidase-peroxidase) or by HPLC. Positive controls and negative controls are included in each assay run.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular assays, cells are treated with glucoarabin or its hydrolysis product erucin at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 µM for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays. Detoxification enzyme activity (e.g., GST, NQO1) is measured using colorimetric or fluorometric assays. Nrf2 activation is assessed by measuring nuclear translocation of Nrf2 by immunofluorescence and expression of Nrf2 target genes by qRT-PCR. Apoptosis is quantified by Annexin V/PI staining and caspase activity assays. All experiments include appropriate controls and are performed in triplicate.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo studies, glucoarabin is typically administered orally to rodents as part of the diet or by gavage at doses ranging from 1 to 100 mg/kg. However, specific in vivo protocols for glucoarabin are not well-documented in publicly available sources. The compound may be used in studies of glucosinolate metabolism, chemoprevention, or cancer. Tissue samples are collected for analysis of erucin levels and detoxification enzyme activity. All animal procedures should be conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of glucoarabin have not been extensively characterized, as it is a precursor compound. Following oral administration, glucoarabin is hydrolyzed by myrosinase to erucin, which is absorbed and metabolized. Erucin is metabolized via the mercapturic acid pathway and excreted in urine. The compound's pharmacokinetics are influenced by the presence of myrosinase activity in the diet and gut microbiota.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicology of glucoarabin is primarily related to its hydrolysis product erucin. At dietary levels, glucosinolates are generally considered safe and are associated with health benefits. High doses of isothiocyanates may cause gastrointestinal irritation and other adverse effects. The compound is not genotoxic or carcinogenic. Glucoarabin is for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Glucoarabin is a glucosinolate precursor of the isothiocyanate erucin. It is found in cruciferous vegetables and is used in research on glucosinolate metabolism and chemoprevention. The compound is not approved for human use and is intended for research purposes only. It is available as a high-purity research reagent for laboratory use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C17H33NO10S3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
507.64
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| Exact Mass |
545.082
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| CAS # |
67920-64-3
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| PubChem CID |
162639111
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
15
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| Heavy Atom Count |
32
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| Complexity |
676
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
CS(=O)CCCCCCCCC/C(=N\OS(=O)(=O)[O-])/S[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O.[K+]
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| InChi Key |
KEGAIERKBBZUIS-MWHVBXTDSA-M
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C17H33NO10S3.K/c1-30(23)10-8-6-4-2-3-5-7-9-13(18-28-31(24,25)26)29-17-16(22)15(21)14(20)12(11-19)27-17;/h12,14-17,19-22H,2-11H2,1H3,(H,24,25,26);/q;+1/p-1/b18-13+;/t12-,14-,15+,16-,17+,30?;/m1./s1
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| Chemical Name |
potassium;[(E)-[10-methylsulfinyl-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]sulfanyldecylidene]amino] sulfate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.9699 mL | 9.8495 mL | 19.6990 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3940 mL | 1.9699 mL | 3.9398 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1970 mL | 0.9850 mL | 1.9699 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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